Michael K. Spayd & Marie Murtagh: The Collective Edge | Agile to agility | Miljan Bajic | #42

Michael K. Spayd & Marie Murtagh

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 00:45

Who is Michael Spayd?

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 00:50

That’s a good question. I’ve been trying to figure that out for a long time. Can I get back to you Miljan?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 00:58

I’ll get back to you in the next lifetime.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 1:00

Yeah, that’s a good idea. That’s a date. Well, I’m a lot of things like everybody. Most significantly, for your audience probably I am the co-founder of the Agile Coaching Institute, with Lisa Adkins back in 2010. The shaper of the designer really at the Agile coaching competency framework that people know that the X Wing diagram was facilitating coaching, mentoring, teaching. And one of the original definers of the enterprise coaching track for icy agile, and the co-author of Agile transformation using the integral Agile transformation framework to think and lead differently.

And I’ve been involved in this field for about 21 years, actually, just the same year, the manifesto was signed, it was when I was first a coach. And so I’ve kind of grown up with this industry, and have tried to bring a different kind of outsider’s perspective to an outside seeking and training like professional coaching, like organization development, that would be like culture, like leadership development, unlike systemic constellations. So I’ve tried to I’ve tried to enrich the agile environment, which was concerned with Agile transformation so much which is not a technical thing to do. Right. It’s a very odd thing to do. And I’ve recently started something new. I think that’s probably good. Anything else you think you want to ask me that would be helpful for people to know?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 03:16

No, it’s just, I usually like, like you said, people struggled to define sometimes who is and there’s a lot more, I think, a lot of things that you said, people know, what are the some of the things that people may not know about Michael?

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 03:31

Yeah, right. Well, they might not know about Michael, that he has been a student of esoteric wisdom for many, many years, including Tibetan Buddhism, including different kinds of I hesitate to call it a cult but you know, non traditional kinds of schools of thought, spiritual schools of thought of different kinds. Shamanism. I’ve been a student of shamanism for many, many years. I don’t always say that in public. Fortunately, just the three of us here, this is the confidential room.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:23

For now.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 04:24

Yeah, right until we published. I don’t know, I try to come up with something else but I don’t know what will be useful right now.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:40

No, thank you for sharing that. And I think you’ve been very generous when you’re describing yourself. I think the impact that you’ve had on the Agile community and the way that you’ve helped Agile community defined a lot of this stuff and give us a direction. At least I appreciate I know many others appreciate and especially with your new work, I think this is something that will be a guide for future agile coaches and practitioners how to integrate some of these concepts they’ve been around for decades, I just think a lot of things in Agile we’ve adopted, so I just want to say thank you and for being generous in your description, or who is Michael, but I think you’ve done a lot for our community. And thank you for that.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 05:37

Well, thank you very much appreciate that Miljan. I know it, I can see in students eyes that it’s really impactful to them. And it’s like the most meaningful work that I could possibly do. I’ve had a series of what I call downloads of a vision for starting an organization for the last year and a half or so, actually, almost two years, but even longer than that. And it’s called the Collective Edge. And it’s about working at the edge of our consciousness and what we can do, in relevant things that affect, the whole planet, really, and our human ecosystem.

And I originally drafted, Michael Hamon and Lisa Adkins to help ground that and reunited after a long time apart, in 2019. And we went through a series of things together. And Lisa eventually found out sort of a more distant position from the whole thing, she wants to have a lifestyle business, rather than really growing a company seriously. But Michael and I, Michael Hamon and I had a long term partnership in in creating things together and having a really good time teaching together. And he and I started to spend a lot more time together and, really emerged an enterprise coaching school. So that became the first business line of the Collective Edge. And it’s owned by Michael, I’m his partner, and, helping develop programs and stuff, but he’s really leading there. And so in parallel to that, for the last I’m sorry, this is so long, but I think it’s going to be useful.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 07:42

No, it’s really helpful.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 07:43

And pretty much during the exact same period, Marie and I were hanging out together a lot, we met about the same time that the downloads were coming in. And she was very curious about what was going on in the Collective Edge. She’s new to agile, but you would never know that. I mean, she studied so much stuff in Agile, it makes my head spin, it makes my head hurt, actually. I mean, the amount of time she sends me something in text, like, you got to watch this. I’m like, when do you have time to do anything else, I’ve just listened to the last thing you sent an idea. So she’s been stretching my personal thinking for a year and a half, really.

And it’s sort of finally came together as, during the pandemic, the whole thing was really quiet, right, it was just nothing was happening, almost next to nothing was happening. And then this year, it started to heat up, you could feel a shift happen. And we’ve been trying to find what’s the right seat for everybody in the Collective Edge. And the right seat for Marie is to be the Chief Operating Officer. So we haven’t right now. You can’t tell anybody going on because we haven’t announced that yet. But by the time you folks are seeing this, she’s been announced as being a COO.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 09:19

Congrats.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 09:20

She’s just the perfect person for this job.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 09:26

That’s great, that’s a good segue into so who is Marie? A lot of people might be asking who is Marie Murtagh?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 09:36

Oh, wow. Most effective way to answer that question is I’m me. But a little bit about my story anyways. So it’s 1993 or something I started into organizational IT, actually as a developer and then I graduated from there into project management and had pretty healthy career that started off and, and took me from a medium sized organization and over to the west coast for an adventure with a startup organization. And from there, I ended up going to London to the UK, and did project management within Deloitte for a few years. And in around well, a few years ago, or around 2011, or something like that, I decided to leave that because I was successful as a project manager.

And I felt my team was really sort of electrified, and enjoyed, you know, working with me, but I felt that there was just this sort of incongruence with project management, and I was very confused by that, like, what is going on here and experienced some pain sort of in the corporate environment at that time. And so anyways, I life took me in a few other directions, which is always fun, just to see where life sort of leads you. And then, around four or so years ago, I went on this deep journey to look very deeply at what is here, who am I? Who are other people, what is going on? What is the universe?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 11:29

Down the rabbit hole huh?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 11:33

Yeah, yeah.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 11:34

She dug the rabbit hole.

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 11:40

And around two years ago, I heard about agile, and oh, my God, and lit such a fire inside of me, because I saw like, Oh, thank God, finally they get it, that we’re humans inside of this organization, right. And the humans are what make up an organization. And as I sort of journey deeper into that, and sort of reflecting back on my previous experience, realizing that, you know, I was kind of working in organizations that treated people more like machines, or more like resources. So it made sense to me then why I didn’t exactly love it. And so then it’s become, with all these things that I’ve learned and that I’ve been taking in and then the healing and then cetera, then take your look at my life, and what am I really doing with it?

And what’s the impact that I want to leave here, how do I want to help people and working inside or with organizations to help them transform and helping people to live more into their humanity so that we all have, you know, more fulfilling lives. And step more into of course, our potential. You know, agile is where I sort of settled, and with stumbling across Michael and Agile of 2019, and a couple of other big concepts that sort of came across my plate at that time, too. It’s been, you know, I was on a certain path, a trajectory anyways, upwards, but since then it’s gone really very straight up and I’m just to be honest with you, I’m just really very delighted and honored, excited, a little nervous, all of that about the role that I’m stepping into here. Yeah, I’m happy it is,

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 13:38

It is interesting. And I think a lot of this is emerging too, like some of the things that Michael has been doing and this is not the mainstream, right, some of the stuff that we’re talking about is the next level of coaching or transformation. And it’s connected to a bigger movement. This is much bigger than agile, this is much bigger than us.

And the way that I understand a lot of times oh, not a lot of times but especially in the context of what Michael is doing with Collective Edge is what others have been trying to do outside of agile, outside of business. So as much as to some this might seem like a completely new thing. It’s not necessarily new and there are many people across the globe that are trying to contextualize these things in their context. So maybe before we kind of dive deeper into some of this stuff, what is Collective Edge? How would you describe it.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 14:48

You want to go first Marie?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 14:49

Ah well, I feel like anyways, in terms of where a lot of us have found ourselves and maybe find ourselves today, it’s in living and being in a certain way that doesn’t feel really true to our nature. And there’s a sense I think, inside of all of us to that there’s more to life or something should be different. Come on, there’s got to be something else, right and away. And I’m not speaking just from a seeking sort of perspective. But also there’s this unknown part of things.

And there’s a conventional way, right, that we’ve all been living and stepping into and working. And this Collective Edge is outside of that conventional. But that can show up in so many different ways. Right? But and I think, too, we’re always kind of living on an edge anyways, and being sort of deliberate and conscious about it, and thinking, what is the right edge anyways, what’s the right boundary, and I need to push within myself that I can help others to push, right, that’s going to expand everybody’s understanding appreciation, the ability to navigate in this very complex world, so that we can all benefit and thrive.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 16:25

That just made me think of, maybe before we get Michael’s thoughts, but just maybe to share my thoughts on what you just said. And I’ve heard Collective Edge a lot of times, but I didn’t see it from that perspective. And now, almost like a little light bulb went on. And I don’t know how true it is. But a lot of what I think Collective Edge stands in this moment is about the new paradigm, I think what you’re describing is…. one of the things that you have in front of the website, quote from Lion Twist, the old structures and systems are no longer serving us. And not necessarily that they’re bad.

But I think what’s happening is our paradigm is changing. And it’s changing the way where our world is becoming more complex, where things are becoming messier. And I think when you just described Collective Edge, it was at that edge of the new paradigm, I don’t know, if you guys are familiar with Tom Kuhn cycle, the guy that came up with the word, a paradigm, where at the beginning, I think of something else that’s going to emerge. So the Collective Edge is that, at least for me, what resonated is the new science, what he calls the new science, or the new normal, the new paradigms. And that’s weird to a lot of people and a lot of stuff that people hear, like when I first and when I talk to some of people a lot of stuff that, maybe Collective Edge my stand for, be like these guys are smoking something or doing something and the they allow.. and that’s okay. Like, a lot of times, that’s what it sounds to people that embedded in the current paradigm, they can’t really see their own paradigm. So now I like to Collective Edge. Now it’s making more sense to me as far as what it is. I don’t know if that’s what you meant, but that’s…

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 18:30

No, well, I don’t know if I was like, wow, yeah. I mean, you hit it on the head, I mean, in terms of the being a new paradigmatic thing. So it’s not understandable. Within the frame of the old paradigm. It’s just not, I mean organizations can’t get purpose driven organizations. They don’t understand it doesn’t make sense. And you seem stupid to them, or fuzzy headed or whatever. But we’re in Frederick Mallos terms, reinventing organizations, we’re starting a teal organization, or, more precisely, technically, I would call it a second teal organization. It’s not necessarily just teal, but people will know it, potentially as teal and that’s the idea. Its purpose driven. It’s not money driven.

It’s not materialist driven, not that we don’t plan to make a lot of money, but from like a consensus is really started, I was thinking from a consensus reality point of view. Because the Collective Edge, has a center, and it has multiple business units, about four of them have been defined. In some levels detail, one of them is actually an instance, is a real business in a real sense, making an action that Michael has, Michael Hamon has. There’s another one that’s sort of starting to come online that I’m not going to talk about. It’s too early to talk about that. But it started to form and the other ones are more, there’s energetic imprints that suggests it might happen, but we don’t know who the leader is of them, or whatever. So, there is meant to be a turquoise in spiral dynamics, incubator of businesses.

And so it’s meant to have a tension between the ownership like the Collective Edge doesn’t own the whole thing as a Collective Edge. Actually, we haven’t worked out the details of this, but it’s going to be a minority partner in the business, so that the business could detach, could buy itself out and become independent when the two or four is ready to.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 20:47

So what that’s really… I want to pause here, because we live in an orange world where legally, we have to structure by orange rules, and you’re trying to create an organization that’s teal or turquoise. And how do you fit it like something like that into..?

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 21:10

I mean, one, you have to think differently obviously, you have to be at a different level of development to be able to let go of certain kinds of ego things that really are getting away and are very prevalent are characteristic of orange. And I have a really good lawyer. And what he taught me is that what you’re doing with a contract is you’re making private law.

So you’re making a law that can’t violate everybody’s law, obviously. But it can be exactly how you want it to be within those things. So we create private law around how those organizations fit together to give them by structuring into the operating agreement, buyout clause we haven’t worked out all that detail, because it hasn’t been pressing to do that yet. And when you’re doing a startup, you’ve got way too much. So, there’s four business units that have sort of appeared, one is operational, and Marie and I hold the center. So Marie and I are in the center of this, which is sort of the umbrella of it. And Michael leads ISA and I’m his partner in that. I’m, one of his principles, so I love doing that kind of work, but it’s his business.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 22:42

So could we talk a little bit about…., so maybe we can explore. So the TCE Center is in the center, the Collective Edge center. And as you said, when I saw this diagram that was shared with me, it reminded me, obviously, of [inaudible] [23:01] and sociocracy, holacracy. So it’s more of a when we’re talking about going back to the quote from Lyon Twist, the structure and systems are outdated. We’re talking about more a decentralized network type of organizational structure. And if you’re saying you’re pushing towards turquoise, you’re probably pushing even sociocracy, holacracy. I’m assuming to another level, maybe not.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 23:32

I think that’s really plausible. But I wouldn’t want to stand behind that. Yeah, because I don’t know. But I think that seems pretty likely. Marie, you’re trying to get in, I think, before

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 23:47

To comment on your question, actually, Miljan, about coming from second tier in the orange world, and one of the things that just sort of came up for me is you have to, so acknowledging and noticing, right, the orangeness of what we’re all trying to navigate and then you have to kind of step outside of it and look at it sort of objectively and from the outside, and there’s where things like what Michael, his lawyer, organized in terms of, you know, seeing it with a new lens and doing a private law type thing.

That’s what I was saying and I appreciate very much, sort your particular question there around sociocracy and holacracy. And what really comes up for me is those are fascinating. And they’re doing a lot of amazing work, right? And also in sort of shifting and bringing in new paradigms and giving people new options of a way of working in a being thank God right. And I feel like anyways, also to that from my perspective, and where I sit sort of in the Collective Edge, I look at organizations like that and I feel that it would be good for us to have a good.

Like, I don’t want to call it a…. it’s not a working relationship, but be organizational sort of buddies, whatever. And when I think about even like how I am with my buddies, right, there is this whole sort of really truth telling right to each other and having fun. And there’s also a little bit of accountability right. I wouldn’t expect any organization to step in or to take that on per se. But that’s where I kind of put a flag in the ground for me anyways.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 25:34

So what you’re saying is, and I think, let me just paraphrase. So like sociocracy, holacracy, represent this new paradigm. So what you’re saying is really, like we all believe, or have similar beliefs in the sense of, we should be partnering and talking to each other and finding out ways to collaborate. When I was talking to James freeze, he was specific about because I was trying to push him a little bit like, why S3 is not expanding a little bit more, in a sense.

And one of the things he was saying, hey, I have a niche, right. And which is totally understand totally, but he understands similar stuff that we’ve talked about, he has the same perspective, same understanding of the emerging future. And it feels good, at least to me, the doctor, is not in everyday life, I can get a chance to talk about some of the stuff that’s emerging. So is that really what you’re describing when you said, like, we need to partner and things like that, that it’s more of a that type of partnership?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 26:40

I think it’s interesting. So, partnership and in a way, I don’t necessarily have a whole lot of expectations on that. But I feel like it’s a playfulness. And it’s more like a buddies and buddy system..

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 26:52

Well, and then what Marie was saying before, James Priest is actually on our list of.., we’ve identified a number of what Marie was talking about organizational friends, like you have friends, and then if you have a spouse or whatever, you have couple friends, right? And organizations can have friends too. And not that not just strategic business relationships. I mean, that might happen, but it might not, you might just want to hang out with each other because you do similar kind of things, you could learn from each other without an agenda. Right?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 27:29

Exactly. And that’s what I meant, like, you know, maybe what I… don’t know maybe partner wasn’t the correct term. But yeah, that’s exactly what I meant more like a friend.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 27:39

No, it could lead to a partnership, for sure. But that’s not the criteria for doing it. The criteria for doing it is you share purpose and you like each other.

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 27:49

And it’s different from the orange paradigm. Right? It doesn’t have a competitive nature. It’s not a competition. There’s no shortage of ways to help.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 28:01

Yeah. True.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 28:06

Cool. That’s very interesting. Maybe I thought we could explore. And no, Michael’s not here. But like the school of integral sense, making an action. Because they think that’s important. And that’s another example, I think that we’re not necessarily Agile community, but pushing things to what’s coming, what we need to focus on, I think, I believe, if I was in your shoes, I will be doing that. So it’s like seeing you do it’s like, oh, this guy or this group is thinking in the same lines as me. And why was it for you, maybe just to see your perspective, and maybe you can speak for Michael Hamon as well. What was behind the school of integral sensemaking? And, I want to focus on that integral sensemaking in action.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 29:00

Sure. And I’m going to also kind of a theme I’d like to explore is how we’re using our own methodologies to start and run the Collective Edge. That’s really important, I think. So integral sensemaking in action is a transformational leader, training and Development Program, often enterprise agile coaches, but they could be a transformation lead from a company or something. We have to two parts of the core curriculum. One is called Master camp, which is like a five day thing that’s spread over two weeks plus, there’s a follow up a significant follow up session, a couple of weeks later, so it’s got a fairly big container. And it focuses on everything about enterprise coaching at the learning level, not at the competency level, but at the learning level, right?

Systems entry, how to do leadership development, what’s your own leadership development style, like in terms of leadership circle, which is our standard tool for that. How do you work with culture? Where’s the culture math? How do you work with structure, all those kind of things, actually exploring the four requirements from the book. So the really the program is a synthesis of my book and Michael’s book. So Michael wrote a book called involve agility. I wrote Agile transformation. And we sort of mash them up in integral sensemaking in action and actually we have started to include human systems development Glenda Young’s [30:49] work. Marie, I knew about Glenda, but like, with a lot of things I knew about Glenda. But she was in the session, we actually met without knowing it in Glynda OEMs session at agile 2019. And then Marie took the certification in HSD.

And that encouraged me to take it. So I crashed the party joint. So the thing about evolve agility, Michael’s book is about deliberate sense making. And the whole mindset, the whole I leadership quadrant, is about sensemaking. How we make sense, right? And there’s, the interval levels describe, from Amber to orange to green to teal describes a different way of making sense. Not necessarily about the content, but the how one thinks and how one makes meaning, how one makes…, what’s the patterning of how we tell stories to ourselves, we always tell stories to ourselves about who we are, which are, frankly, false stories, but we believe them. And they shape our lives very well. So one of the things we teach in the master camp, and we continue it in the expert cohort program, is delivered sensemaking. So the expert cohort program is like an eight month program, to become an IC agile expert in enterprise coaching, and to also get our certification in enterprise coaching.

So it’s a competency-based program instead of a knowledge-based program. So deliberate sensemaking is a thing for us, right? And so we’re using that in the company, I mean, we have a practice ourselves of deliberate sense making of revealing, and getting, I’m finding myself getting a little nervous right now, I’m finding myself getting anxious to say this, we’re not sure, revealing our own…, what’s coming up for us, because that’s part of how we make sense. So that it becomes public in the meeting, or whatever. And then everybody can understand their own sense making better and we can make better decisions together. Orange argues for its point, it debates. Second Tier wants to construct wants to co create.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 33:31

Well, that’s the thing. And there’s a couple of things that I guess, need is kind of the coming up for me and sense of like, what’s going through my head. One is that sensemaking I think from a perspective of maybe next organizations next coaching, especially in Agile, to me, it’s really essential like for us to understand that. So for instance, if I’m going in and understanding organization, what type of leaders I’m dealing with, if I can get people to do exactly what you described now, what you describe as people being vulnerable and being open because I have to have courage and be vulnerable to say that, hey, I’m nervous.

This is what’s going through my head. So that amplifies that collaboration, that amplifies that co creation. So I think from that perspective, that’s a huge gap that in the business world, across the gap that we have, that I think is being fulfilled, or at least being made aware of more from that perspective. So that’s what came to mind from that, but what are you seeing when it comes to applying this to your collected edge and you have several partners, you have several of these structure, how are you using sense making with each other?

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 35:12

Well, let me let me talk about a slightly different angle, if that’s all right, it’s. So one of the things that we wrote in the book, and that I have emphasized in my consulting for quite a while is, what I really understood from working with the leadership circle for the past nine years. Which is that if you’re a leader of an organization, if you’re the top leader of an organization, that your consciousness constrains, what can possibly happen in the organization, you’re the upper limit. So things could go above your developmental level for a little while, but they’re not going to last.

So what that translates into is what I call me first problem solving, that if I’m the leader of an organization, that I’m the first problem to be solved. And I know this directly in this case, because I tried to do this six years ago, I tried to start the equivalent of a Collective Edge six years ago, and it didn’t work, didn’t work at all. It was a very painful experience. And I can feel that in the six years since then, that I’ve grown into a different person into a different leader. And part of why I’ve hired Marie, is because so find the first problem. You need somebody to be aware of that you need somebody who can give you really intimate and detailed and not pulling punches. Yeah, candice, and Marie does that. Marie does that for me better than anybody I’ve ever known in my life.

So she can get inside my defenses, and tell me how it is. And that’s, like, so important as a leader, usually people comply to senior leaders, right? They just oh, yeah, that’s a stupid idea. But I’m not going to tell you that because I might get fired, or you’re acting like a jerk right now. I mean, you don’t tell senior leaders that most time, but that’s bullshit. That’s like so not right. Yeah. So Marie, you want to say anything about that? Don’t make me spit out my water, okay.

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 37:55

So first of all, I would say, it’s not, and I would say quite like that. Because things you used there to describe, how I do… And, it gets reflected back in the system, too, right. But I also just want to say what I feel like anyways, and all of this, and I think congruent even with what you were talking about Miljan, is well, you as your own leader, and how are you having conversations with yourself? What are you talking about and what are you ignoring? What are you depressing? What are you glossing over? What, are you bigging up? What are you putting down? This conversation within myself, is what I’ve been having, and what I continue to have? And what is sort of my guide to for how to have that same conversation with other people.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 39:00

So essentially, I have to work on myself before I can help others.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 39:05

Exactly. That’s the premise, both of the ISA enterprise coach training program, and it’s also the position of the transformational coaching that we do in consulting.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 39:22

So now I get it, I heard you say, Michael, that we’re screwed as a society. Now I get why we’re screwed as a society. How many people do you know that want to work on themselves, how many leaders of the ceiling and what you’re saying is also….

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 39:39

I’m working with one right now. And there are significant, I mean, they’re a small company, but they’re significantly growing and they’re decidedly successful. So, it’s not anybody… Well, I can’t even say that I want to say it’s not fortune 1000. But that’s not completely true. I mean, the leadership circle has clients, Roche, pharmaceuticals, Honda, Disney, where the very top leaders are taking a really serious look at themselves. I’m not involved in that work.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 40:15

You’re familiar with the with the percentage of people that are part of that second tier or thinking or seeing from the… so it’s a very small… So that’s why I joke around because the complexity in our world is increasing, it’s a big ask to get people in organizations to focus on developing themselves focusing on that inner work so they can help others because they don’t even see themselves as a bottleneck, they don’t even see themselves as the ones and a lot of times people have right intentions from their perspective. It’s just that they’re not seeking.

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 40:59

You know, and I just want to say, too, I wouldn’t want to place blame necessarily on anyone except for our Western culture, to be honest with you, because I think it really sets everything up from the way when we’re born and how we’re developed in our education, etc. All of that is very externalized. Right? All external work. And I think in Eastern cultures, they have kind of the opposite, it’s a little lopsided, possibly in the other direction. I don’t know, I’m making something up there.

But I do want to say so I think for us anyways, it is, this self in a way is kind of the next frontier. But I also want to say, though, I feel and what has been my own experience is that it’s through myself, right, that I can help others. But it’s also because then you recognize the Unity ,the interconnectedness, like in a really deep level of all this.

So I feel like and within the ISA, there’s another course or cohort program, right, the inner path, which is beautiful, right, leading into the self and looking, taking really deep looks about nonjudgmental as well, right, compassionate looks at ourselves. But then I feel like, what seems to happen is then and even actually congruent with the integral or spiral dynamics, right? Yellow, you’re kind of self and systemics, sort of oriented, right? And then when you go into the turquoise, right, then you integrate that with the unity consciousness.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 42:42

So maybe that’s a really good point, and maybe to bring it back to Collective Edge and how you’ve structured so essentially, is the second theory type of organization. The governance and ownership is something that is pretty interesting in how you have.., essentially, you’re creating a platform for partnerships for friendship, for people that have that same purpose. There’s also that battle between agency and communion. And how are you balancing that as far as that structure and what we want individually versus as a group, what we want to show?

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 43:26

One of Marie’s favorite topics. So I want to talk about the advice process. Do you want to say something else first, about Asian communities more general?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 43:42

Just, of course that it really leans of course, into the polarity nature of the universe, and that the agency, right is really the masculine in the communion usually being associated with the feminine. And anyways, the point is, is that in all of us, and everything, there’s sort of a spectrum of that, and I kind of look at all the same ways, and you look at the Dow right, and the flow and things of that nature, right. And you’re going in between and out of the other one, and I’m sorry, I’m getting a little bit lost, but I’d come back around. What I’m saying I think with it is that, change..

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 44:25

It’s a balance, right?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 44:26

It’s a balance but things are constantly moving, changes constantly happening. You are flowing from one to the next. Balance, I think, is largely, it’s my favorite thing to say that it’s asymmetrical. And then I also feel that from the other research and things that I’ve done and what I’m looking forward to having the opportunity to test out here in the Collective Edge is that when a system is imbalance, change is simple.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 45:01

That’s a really good point. So how do you.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 45:04

Easy is right, is one of our watchwords. If it’s easy, it’s because it’s right.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 45:15

So like, maybe just to explore that. And I think I touched upon it before, but right is defined differently from different perspectives. So when we talk about Collective Edge, it’s a collection of like-minded people looking possibly, or wanting to look from that second tier. How do you add the versity and avoid groupthink, yet, at the same time, acknowledge that we need to look from that second tier in order to deal with..?

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 45:52

Well, so I want to come back to the advice process and agency communion, that’s what I think, from at least partially addressed, what you’re asking. So what Fredrick Lalo described in teal organizations was that they don’t make decisions by you know… the person in charge or their rank or something, makes all the decisions. But they also don’t make decisions by consensus, because that’s what pluralistic green does. And frankly, little is more annoying than being stuck in consensus Hell, where you can’t get to consensus. It’s not at all useful. It’s a stage that people go through, it’s reasonable, and it’s better than autocratic decision making. But it’s completely inefficient.

So the advice process is about that the person who has the scope, where it’s their business, do something that you can’t just go out. And if you’re the event coordinator, you can’t just go over into the sales person’s business and make decisions for them. But within your sphere of what you do, you get to make your own decisions. And the rule is, or the guidance is that you have to have a conversation with the people who will be impacted, who are stakeholders in that decision. You don’t have to agree with them. And you don’t have to get them to agree with you.

You have to listen to them. And then after you’ve listened to them, then you have to take accountability. Marie and were just talking about this last night, that the question to ask is from the outsider’s point of view, let’s say it’s my decision, right, to make, your each question to me is, so are you ready to take accountability for that decision? Which means if I’ve given you my advice, which might suggest that you slow down, and you’re deciding to do it anyway. Okay, that’s your prerogative, are you ready to take accountability for it? I mean, that’s like, the perfect balance for me of just seeing communion because, I can make my own decisions. I don’t have to be constrained. But I also have to take the communion consequences of it. I could screw up, it could be a totally a stupid decision. But if I have to convince everybody, I can’t trust my own gut, completely, and I can’t be autonomous, I can’t have really sovereignty.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 48:30

My question was to just to build on that if you have somebody thinking from a green that likes consensus, and that is like this advice, process, automate and you want to have people in green and orange in the sense to have a healthy system, you don’t want to just group of, you know, part of Collective Edge group of people that are just, you know, so that I’m assuming you haven’t dealt with that yet. But that’s something that you’re going to probably deal with, at some point.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 49:01

Just starting to. Marie were you trying to get in there?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 49:04

Well, I want to say.. okay, right. So well, we all know too, or it hasn’t been presence or anything here yet. But of course, the developmental lines within all spiral dynamics and within integral, right, and so and kind of each and every moment, or each one of those developmental lines, right, people are individual self can be at different levels within that intelligence and will. And so there is in a sense, a lot of diversity that’s already here. If you get that level.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 49:41

Which one dominates?

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 49:44

Yeah, and what’s happening in the moment, right, what are we talking about? What’s the subject? What’s the context? And I think also though, what is so funny to me and I feel the need to say is that with just being the really very centered sort of in green. What occurred to me as we were having this discussion, and what makes it such a difficult sort of, and we call it consensus, hell, right, is that if you think about us as individuals, we’re so freaking unique anyways, right? No two life experiences are the same, no two minds are the same. So for you to try to really go for with just a complete consensus-based organization. I’m going to wonder why.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 50:37

It is. And I think I’ve really liked the advice process. But you have to come from that. I think the advice process in anything below the second theory can be very challenging, because it’s judging, I think the you know… So that’s why I said in a sense, somebody from Orange will probably dislike the advice process. And there will be lot more judging than you would be, like, just saved from green or teal.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 51:15

Maybe so you bring it, you lead us to another point, which is we’re setting up a deliberately developmental environment, what Bob Keegan and Lisa Leahy talked about, and I never went organizations, which is people are put in an assignment both because they at least couldn’t be good at it, but also because it will develop and grow them. So you don’t just put somebody in a position where they’re great, and they just keep knocking out of the park that doesn’t help them at all, that doesn’t grow them at all.

So part of having orange or green diversity in the Collective Edge will be in helping them be in the advice process, and get over their concerns about that, or help them sort of do a little hand holding of them through that process, including what they’re uncomfortable with, or whatever. And also a little push. She needs challenge and support both. So it’s like, if you don’t have enough people at second tier is going to be hard to hold it. Right. So you have to have a critical mass of people at second tier, I think to hold the whole structure. But then within that you could have people that are at different developmental levels, younger people or, whatever. I mean, that’s absolute [52:39], we’re about to hire somebody like that. Pretty sure..

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 52:44

Same way that we have people that are holding the orange, and you have different but yeah,

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 52:49

Yeah, right. Yeah, exactly.

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 52:52

I just want to say, too, I think it’s very important to recognize, though, that all of those stages are absolutely necessary in all of our developments, right. And in our job within ourselves and with each other within organizations is to help the healthy side of that manifest.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 53:14

And full growth through those I think we haven’t had a chance to talk about the shadows and all that stuff. But full growth through those. And I think that’s something for a separate topic, but maybe to come back again to the Collective Edge. So in summary, what I understand it to be is a platform to experiment and understand what the second tears organizations would look like. So in a sense, what Loulou describes is that teal and turquoise type organizations, the mission for Collective Edge, I’m assuming, is maybe to show the world, what those type of organizations look like to incubate those type of organizations to bring together friends, partners that want to build that. Is that how you see it? Because through our conversation, that’s what’s emerging. And that’s what I’m seeing.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 54:14

Right, I’ll give you first crack.

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 54:16

Oh, I just was very excited, actually, what I was hearing so, and you were presenting actually something a little bit differently for me that I’m kind of set into a little different sort of thinking, and I’m going to have to get settled before I can say much. Thank you Michael.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 54:35

Mine is less intelligent than that. So I would say that that is aligned with our mission. I wouldn’t say that that is our mission per se. I mean, it’s aligned with our purpose, which is to work at the cutting edge and help other people work at the cutting edge, in the interest of anti-fragility, awareness and love. So I think that’s an instance of doing that. But it’s not like, we’re specifically trying to model as our product or whatever had to be a second tier organization. That’s an artifact a little bit. But, it’s all integrated, right? Because for us to actually use the practices we’re advocating to run our own organization just as like, drinking your own champaign.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 55:29

I mean, yeah, it’s like, the way that I see it is like, you can, we don’t know, but maybe we can imagine what it was to go into orange before… So like, there were a lot of companies that will probably look weird that we’re trying to figure things out, they didn’t know. And, you know, 100 years later, you can reflect back and say, this is what came out of that, this is how we have always learned, what I see Collective Edge I guess, or companies like Collective Edge, are trying to figure out how we’re going to deal with the challenges that, we’re currently dealing with, that we’re not doing a very good job of solving, but also how we’re going to go forward. And I’m assuming you don’t have all the answers, but you have a purpose, and you have a vision, you have a mission short, I’m assuming the way that I look at it is you have a broader purpose and vision, and then your mission is something more achievable.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 56:31

Well, in teal, as Loulou, identified for us. People at that level, trust, the wisdom beyond rationality. So we’re being guided, where we’re going, we’re not inventing this out of, like, some kind of master plans or something. In the native traditions, they talk about becoming a hollow bone, that spirit can blow through. And that’s what I feel like I’ve been trying to do for 20 or 50 years. And I’m better at it than I used to be. I’m not perfect at it, of course, but I’m a lot better than I used to be. And so this is a new level of being able to manifest that, like this may be seem like a silly example. But, I ran a agile Coaching Institute, like a $2.2 million organization, and sold it to Accenture, which was, pretty, I was proud of that. But, now, my sights are a lot higher than that I mean, I hope to grow $5 million organization in a few years. And part of being serious about that is hiring people like Marie to challenge me. And also, like, completely trusting, you got to find the right seat for people, right? You have to find that.. you go here like the first one was Michael belongs as the leader of integral sense making and action, not us together.

Even that was tempting to be us together. But that wasn’t the right answer was him on my job as a senator not that so finding those right people, and entrusting them, and the example I was going to give you with, like, marine I’ve talked about lately, like the importance of health, of diet and exercise, as you know, that got kind of totally blown out by the pandemic, all those habits and stuff got, you know, kind of crushed for me at least. But that would be if I wasn’t in really good health and, and whatnot, I can’t do this job as well. It’ll help me to be clearer and cleaner, like just turn me to a keto diet. Now, to burn cleaner fuel inside me, helps me get out of the way. It’s not just my laziness or my indulgences of myself.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 59:23

So, it does I mean, you’re looking at the whole thing you’re not just looking at the.. so, it’s a holistic without getting… you looking at it holistically as a whole person. So yeah, I mean, that is very interesting. And I think I’m excited to see how this is going to shape and where it’s going to go because I think it’ll encourage others to try similar so.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 59:59

Yeah, I certainly hope so.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 1:00:04

So what would be as we’re finishing up here, and I feel like we could talk for another two hours. What will be your message maybe to the community? Or maybe something that I didn’t know to ask you? What would you like to say in closing? Marie.

Speaker: Marie Murtagh 1:00:32

I think what’s coming up for me anyways, and the question that I asked myself as I am becoming myself, and of course, we’re all always in a process of becoming ourselves. And sometimes it comes more online and becomes more conscious and deliberate. But then same thing is happening, right for the Collective Edge. As an organization, it’s becoming itself. And, that, sort of when I think about any purpose of it, is not necessarily right for the Collective Edge to have be a star that, when we go away, or whatever, or something, right, that it burns out, but how do we become ourselves at the same time, but builds something so that there’s a legacy?

And I feel like too that this is where, it’s around the, the organizational buddies and friends and things like that and holding each other sort of accountable to that legacy. And yeah, right, which will become the thing right that a couple 100 years or whatever, from now people will look back and that’s what they will determine was, the benefit or what really came out of it, or what was the advantages of it. So

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 1:01:54

That’s a good way to put it, that talks about the mission, and the vision and the purpose.

Speaker: Michael K. Spayd 1:02:03

Yeah, that’s why we’re ending with that.

Melissa Boggs: Wild Hearts, Self-awareness, Supporting others | Agile to agility | Miljan Bajic |#41

Melissa Boggs

Speaker: Milan Bajic 00:35

Who is Melissa Boggs?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 00:37

Oh, my, who is Melissa Boggs? You prepared me for this question and I did not prepare an answer right off the bat. But that’s probably a little indicative of who I am. So I’ll give you the business version and then I’ll give you the human version, I guess. So currently, I am a leader in the Agile space. I am the vice president of business agility at Sauce Labs and I am also for now starting to call an employee engagement coach and it’s related to being Agile coach but I’ve started to realize that my superpower is really in helping leaders and employees increase their engagement and helping them to see each other because sometimes there’s societal, cultural, sometimes generational gaps that exist and so in helping them to identify those and sort of work through them, then they’re able to connect more fully, and therefore, everyone’s engagement increases. And it’s not just in, ping pong tables are nice, so are snacks in the kitchen but that doesn’t actually increase your engagement with work.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 02:01

Because alcohol having a full bar?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 02:03

Sometimes. It increases your engagement with something. But yeah, I’ve really sort of honed in on that lately, because especially coming out of that, we’re still in the pandemic, but as we’re nearing that, what we hope is the end of the pandemic. I think a lot of leaders are grappling with how do I lead now, people want to stay remote, etc. so there’s a lot more there we could unpack later but I just began to realize, I have a lot of passion for that. So that’s sort of part of me. And I think in parts, I’ve been on both sides of that equation. Personally, I am a mom to two, have a teenager and then also almost a teenager, a wife, a roller skater and I roller skated a ton as a kid. And then in January, well, for Christmas, my family bought me a lovely, really nice pair of roller-skates. And so in January, I picked that up again, and believe it or not, it is like riding a bike and when you haven’t done it for 20 years, you can still do it. So that’s been fun to have a new exercise hobby type of thing. And so I’m sure there’s more but that’s the tip of the iceberg.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 03:22

I was listening to your discussion with Aaron Sanders about roller-skating and what you were saying, I found the analogy or the what you use to describe what you’re really learning and differences in skating a rink versus going down the hill and I thought that was really cool in a way, you might be familiar with one area and just skating in general, but a different environment requires you to adjust even though something might look familiar. One form might be very familiar, but the environment forces you to really learn or adjust.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 04:10

I was not counting on that at all. So yeah, it’s funny, because you can and allow me to apply it to Agile for 10 seconds, but you can know the practices and you can apply them in one place but you have to know the underlying principles, because if that environment is 20% different, like a sidewalk versus a rink, then you have to go underneath things like balance and things like kind of skating in your environment and roller skating. So yeah, there’s definitely a metaphor that I think sort of just came up when I was talking about there. But now I’m living it.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:57

Yeah, so that’s fun, and I think it’s interesting how we tried to divide and even you’ve said it, this is who I am professionally, this is who I am personally, but it’s hard to divide those two, like Melissa is one person and it’s a lot of times hard. When is Melissa’s best or when are you at your best? When do you think you’re operating at your optimal?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 05:27

So I have to say, as soon as those words came out of my mouth, as soon as I divided the two, I was like, oh, he’s going to ask me that, because I would have asked myself about that. I have some very strongly defined values for myself. I went through this actually, when I was applying for my CEC years ago, is when I really did the soul searching. So I know very clearly that my values are courage, empathy and creativity and so at the lack of, or at the risk of sounding cheesy, I think, whether it’s with my kids or my husband or work, when I am applying those values actively in combo, it’s one thing to be courageous but if you don’t also have empathy for your situation or if I personally am not getting to be creative, then I’m not at my best. And so I would say any situation where I have the ability to apply all three of them at the same time, it feels like there’s no ceiling.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 06:34

So courage, empathy, and creativity. Nice. I like those. Let’s maybe unpack a little bit of courage and maybe we can kind of segue into the wild hearts at work and the new podcast that you’re launching, because I think that has a lot to do with courage. You talked about being a rebel wild at heart. Could you give us intro as far as how the idea for the podcast came about and maybe just how do you see our relates to the current environment, because I listened to your intro, and I thought it was really nice the way they described it so it might be helpful to share that. And I definitely encourage you to follow Melissa on podcast, I believe you said the way that you said it or the way that I understood it, it’s going to be a major podcast platforms but you’re also going to have a video kind of unedited version on YouTube. So tell us a little bit more about wild hearts at work?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 07:49

Well, thank you for first of all, watching the trailer and second for giving me a chance to talk about it because it’s definitely a passion project. It’s definitely all about courage. The podcast itself, kind of came from this idea that through these stories that I’ve kind of collected over the years of coaching, there are people out there doing crazy things and then I mean that in the most wonderful way but we don’t necessarily know about it. And so if you are someone who is like, you feel sort of stuck in the corporate world, and you have all these creative ideas, but you feel like you’re the only one, then I think you’re less likely to take the risk and try something in your company. The other thing is, being a coach, one of the phrases that I heard all the time, and it drives me absolutely crazy and I guarantee all of the other coaches listening to this have heard it. That’s nice, but in the real world. And so what I want to do is give people something to point at something to say, yes, in the real world, so and so at this company that I heard on wild hearts at work did this, they did exactly what I’m talking about or something really close and it kind of gives people, I don’t know equips them with some resources to say, it’s not just me, there are other people doing this and they’ve done it successfully so I want to give it a try. Those are two of the big reasons and then third, I realized, even Friday after I published the trailer that some of this is selfish. I don’t want to feel alone, I don’t want to feel I’m the only one who kind of looks at some of our work structures and workplaces that were built back in the 70s and 80s and I look at that and go like it is a whole new world now. Why are we still behaving the way that we used to when there’s so much more that we have to offer as a society. And so yeah, I think selfishly part of it is just, as people started sending me over the weekend their suggestions, and I started seeing new story that I hadn’t heard of, I was like, some of this is just me wanting to connect with those people and also feel like, I’m in it, there’s a revolution, if you will…

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 10:25

Or maybe as you’re saying that, it reminded me of and the way that I look at it, it’s a paradigm shift. So, what we’re talking about is in this like it doesn’t happen the real world. It’s mostly when we’re stuck in the current paradigm, and we’re kind of only seeing from that lens of the current paradigm. And there’s a lot of things that people are pushing in that new paradigm, I think if you talk to anybody or most people will agree that there is a shift and I think COVID is also towards that shift. I think at any point new paradigm is weird, is maybe tied back, it is wild, because it’s something that not everybody is comfortable with. It’s out there a lot of times because it I don’t know if you’re familiar with they keep bringing it up, not many people in Agile community are familiar with Thomas Kuhns, circle of change, or paradigm change. But essentially talks about how we go through these paradigms and it’s hard to accept a current paradigm, but when it starts breaking down, you have a group of people that see the new way. And I think that’s a lot of times in these stories that you’re talking about people sharing these stories, it’s about this new paradigm that’s emerging, new way of working where, like you said, I think when you talked about the new company that you work at sauce lab, where transparency is a big thing, ideas over hierarchy. Those are type of things that are not common in most organizations but if I had to guess in 20 years, when we reflect back, be that will be like a normal, that will be I think, something that people will expect to have in organizations. So is it about highlighting and sharing stories about this new paradigm that’s emerging?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 12:31

It’s a mix. This is the creativity part, I really do want there to be a mix of format, some of them will be interviews, some of them will be me talking about topics that I think might appeal to or wild at hearts might be struggling with, like am I the only one that is thinking about compensation right now? And how do we compensate differently? No, you’re not the only one. Also, I have a whole stack of books that I would love to share with people that have either inspired me or I have some that I haven’t even read yet, that I’m going to read intentionally for the podcast to be able to give people a hot take, like, I just read this book, and it was great or maybe it wasn’t. And so yeah, I’m really intent on kind of mixing things up so that every time it’s kind of different. One other thing I wanted to add to is when you’re talking about that paradigm shift. I don’t think we have enough empathy for leaders in that situation, specifically for people who have been managing or leading for a very long time in a very certain way. And I’ve been guilty of that too. Definitely years ago, I would have said, how leadership doesn’t understand or they are the thorn in our side or we can’t do this because of leaders. And while that’s often true, again, I mentioned at the beginning, there’s this gap. Now, having been in those shoes myself, part of the podcast is, I want to create some empathy in both directions. There’s also a bunch of wild leaders that I know that I want to bring onto the podcast who can speak to other CEOs and say, hey, I tried it, it’s scary, but it worked, whatever it may be. I do want to make clear that when I talk about effectively and respectfully rebelling, it’s because all of these people are humans. The CEO who you feel is getting in your way, has an immense amount of pressure that you don’t know about. They are being asked questions that they don’t have the answers to. And so I definitely want to create that balance in the podcast as well so that they feel seen and heard. But maybe you start to understand a little more themselves about the people who are trying to rebel respectfully. So we’ll see where that goes to.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 15:15

I know you love storytelling and what you did in scrum Alliance, as far as with people sharing stories. What will be some of the stories that you would be open to sharing about wild hearts, real wild hearts out there. Who inspires you, maybe even give us some hints of who you’re thinking about bringing on to talk to. But going back to real examples, who are some companies or people that inspire you?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 15:49

Some of these, I can’t claim to have a contact with yet so if you are watching this, and you have a contact with these people, I would love you forever. I’ve always been inspired by Zappos, who is the largest company to have adopted holacracy. And now, frankly, if you read the latest book at Zappos have evolved even past it, it’s really amazing if you read it, I think the book is called The Power of WOW and I’m not being paid to sponsor that, I just love the book. But they adopted holacracy biggest company to do it and many of the teams that we work with, who start with Scrum, and then start to add in other things, that’s kind of what happened with them. I get really annoyed, because there’s a lot of articles out there that say, oh, they dropped holacracy, that’s actually not true. If you read the book, they just added to it. And I think like we see with Scrum, sometimes people start going well, that’s not holacracy because they’re doing other things with it. So we can be elitist, I guess. So Zappos is like a huge one. Absolutely loved Menlo and Rich Sheridan and introducing Julia into the workplace, Buffer and their perspective on transparency. If you were to go to Buffers websites, least this was a couple months ago, this is true, you can see they have salary transparency, not just internally, but externally. I mean, they are so incredibly committed to transparency, transparent to their customers even. And I’ve always said, I haven’t had a need for Buffer services, so far, their products, but the minute that I do, I won’t look at anyone else because I’m so aligned with who they are from an internal mission perspective. And these are radical things, I mean, sharing your salaries with the entire world on the internet, I don’t think it gets wilder than that

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 17:58

Exactly.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 18:00

So those are kind of like the big company names.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 18:04

And it’s also engaging, I think, when you do things like that, those type of actions promote engagement employees, because some time in my life had like, oh, how much does this person make, how much is the other person making? Am I fairly compensated? And I think, by company going out of the way to do that kind of encourages more of that engagement, more like we’re supporting in a way, and I think that’s engaging and supporting from a company standpoint.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 18:39

Absolutely. I don’t want it to just focus on the big names either and that’s part of what the podcast is about, I know that there are a bunch of just individual people, in companies that are like, let’s try to do this differently, let’s try to just leave this team differently. There’s a lot of HR people who are doing, kind of rebellious practices, if you will, where it’s like, it’s still the right thing for the company but we’re also going to take the employees into consideration when we do this. And so those are the stories I also want to elevate in addition to the big names that we already know.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 19:27

I don’t know if you’ve heard from Fidelity that they give their employees one day a week or most of the Fidelity. They still leave it to each of the I’m assuming product lines. But every week, Tuesdays are for self-development. And for somebody as Fidelity to do that, I thought that’s amazing. You don’t have to report so if you want to go screw around and not do anything on Tuesdays, if you’re lost because they’ve given you a day to focus on developing yourself and sharing and collaborating with others not necessarily, their company and I thought that’s a commitment from a company encouraged to trust the employees to develop themselves because we all in busy environment, it’s tough to find time to dedicate to learning and creating that space for people is nice.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 20:25

Yeah, and I hadn’t heard about that, and I love it and I’d love to learn more. I love that, first the trust that demonstrates by the company into their employees, all of their employees. And then secondly, I think we’ll all be amazed to hear what comes out of that and those are the types of things I don’t think we hear enough out. It’s like, oh, I think Google kind of did that, too and we did hear some of the stories, they did a good job of saying, yeah, we did this, was it 20% time is what they called it. And there’s some cool products from Google that came from that time. And so yeah, I’m excited to hear how that will bring new things. Cool.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 21:09

Maybe to shift gears a little bit, I want to talk to you about self-awareness. When you talk about bridging that gap between leaders and employees, or people that are typically doing the work, self-awareness is needed on both ends. What is self-awareness in your own words?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 21:32

Oh, goodness. To me, self-awareness is a constant practice. It’s almost self-explanatory. It’s this constant, like, how did I show up in that situation? How am I showing up to this other person right now? It’s maybe a blend of empathy for whoever you’re engaged with in that moment, or however you’re communicating in that moment and yourself. Because I also think, through therapy, I have learned that self-awareness can also border on, sort of, I know self-parading sometimes, and so you have to be really aware of that line that you’re walking, and also have empathy for yourself. But, yeah, I mean, it’s a constant, what is it that I need to be working on right now? How am I showing up? Being aware that there’s many things so sometimes you have to be willing to go okay, I’m just going to focus on this one thing for myself right now, knowing I have other things to work on. But yeah, and more context for your question, in what situations self-awareness like, lead me, Miljan?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 23:03

It’s interesting, right? So the way that I look at it aligned with empathy and what you were saying, but the way that I look at it, is willing to suspend your own beliefs, willing to question what do I believe in? What do I stand for? What do other people stand for? It’s almost like taking yourself out of that situation, trying to empathize, trying to look at things, maybe in a bigger perspective, and saying, how well am I aware of things? What is my sense making around? What’s going through Melissa’s head? What are the values that Melissa has and how do they align with my values and beliefs? What are the experiences that Melissa went through the shape her values? How does that come across to me and how aware am I from her perspective, versus how it’s impacting my values? And I think it goes to how well am I managing my emotional states, because a lot of times in self-awareness, I tell people I used to play soccer all throughout college, and I would swear in several Croatian, like referees and that didn’t feel good. I had to swear in English, so they understand me. But as a teenager, I really wasn’t self-aware and I think maybe it’s just being shocked coming to a new country where you don’t know the language, you don’t know the culture. So I think it was one way for me maybe to express even but definitely when I reflect back my self-awareness, I was reactive. So I think when you have more awareness, you’re more creative, coming back to one of you, rather than reactive and I don’t know if you see it that way.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 25:00

Yeah, and actually, I love how you said that because I think self-awareness is more proactive. And it is things like getting really clear with yourself, about what is important to you and being aware, as you said, how it shows up, but also what you’re willing to accept and what boundaries that you’re going to put around yourself in order to be true to those values. Brene Brown, who I worship, and yeah, that would be an amazing guest to have on my podcast, she has a really cool YouTube video, she was actually on Russell Brand podcast. And the question that he posed to her was, well, it’s her question, and then he posts it back to her, do you believe that people are doing the best that they can? And I’ll tie it back to self-awareness in the second. And so they had this really funny interesting, with some swear words, conversation about whether or not you believe people are doing the best they can based on their circumstances, their knowledge, their own self-awareness, etc. And I recommend everyone go watch the video, because I’ll never represent it as well as she did. But basically, she said, you kind of have to believe that because you can’t control the other person anyway. So if you believe they’re doing the best that they can, then what do you need in your boundaries and your self-awareness to have a healthy relationship with them, because you can wish all day that they’re going to show up the way you want them to. But the only thing that you can control is your own awareness of yourself and your own actions and your own boundaries. And so I think that’s sort of what you were getting at is that self-awareness is proactive. And it’s like, what’s important to me? How am I showing up? How am I checking that? Am I kind of having a mini retro in my own head after a conflict or after something good? After this podcast, am I going to sit back and go, how did I show up for Miljan? Did I help him achieve the goals he had in the podcast? And so …

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 27:14

I have no goal besides conversations, maybe that’s a good goal which I question. Just maybe to add, and to build on what you’re saying, a lot of times we focus so much on knowing others and I think self-awareness is, how much do we know about ourselves? And when I think about that, I don’t know crap about myself, kind of like, why I do certain things, like if I spend little bit more time thinking, why am I just pissed off right now? Or why am I happy right now, trying to tie back and there’s this exercise that I do in classes, which is I tell people, anytime you’re pissed off, or somebody’s pissed you off, one of your values, or beliefs was either, shattered over, violated, whatever you want to call it. And I started thinking more and more about that, even I joke around. When I piss my wife off, instead of trying to think about, why is she mad, I’m thinking what did I do? I know she loves me, what did I do to piss her off that much that she’s angry. And that helped me at least understand myself a little bit better and understand her and that made me think. Before, I focus so much on understanding the kind of the process is the hardest stuff, other people even, psychology yet, when I put a mirror to myself, the guy that you’re looking at or the person that you’re looking in the mirror is not as clear as you think you will be to yourself. I don’t know, that’s my thought on that.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 29:19

So one thing I’ll add, when you’re talking about teenagers, it kind of occurred to me, I referenced earlier the generational gaps that exist. So my daughter’s 15, she’s Generation Z, because it’s what they’re calling them and they are more self-aware, they’re more awake, they are more in touch with how they affect other people. Then, I could have dreamed of being at that age and sometimes even more than myself, and I look at her and I’m like the information that they have access to and the understanding that they have of how they affect the world, which I’m sure is what our parents said about us, I hope, but it’s like exponential with this group that’s coming up. So for me, when I speak with leaders or we’re talking about closing this gap and I’m like, you think that we are bad, we’re not bad, but you think that we are pushing the boundaries, you just wait, she just wait, because our kids who are raised by us, they’re going to push it even more, and I’m so proud of that, I’m so happy for that because I think that means, there’s a better world coming but it certainly creates challenges. Exactly. But it certainly creates challenges when you have, you know, my daughter’s maybe three or four years away from being in the workplace, if you will. And you still have I mean, that’s a lot of generations and a lot of perspectives in the workplace. And so that self-awareness is going to be paramount.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 31:03

But there’s also things they won’t tolerate. I’ve been teaching a university, undergraduate, graduate too and it’s crazy, kids don’t have, I guess, they haven’t been molded or impacted by some of the things that we have grown up. So, there are certain thing they don’t really understand, why would you work in non-collaborative way? Why would you just specialize in one thing like being a generalist is a good thing, and being aware of the broader environment, not just my own, and maybe that’s how our environment shapes us. Where I grew up and growing up was a lot different than when we moved here and the environment who creates you, is a person. Anyway, I thought that was really interesting and I wanted to get your thoughts on self-awareness. I don’t know if you have anything else maybe to share. To kind of stay on that topic, how do we support others in their leadership journey? What ways can we support both people on the ground in the trenches who are leaders? So I’m assuming helping them with their self-awareness is one of the things but what else can we do to help them on their journey?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 32:38

Sure, I think the self-awareness part is huge. But also, no matter who you are, empathy for others is huge. We say that like, it’s really easy, like, oh, just understand where they’re coming from. But often, if you don’t have a lived experience that crosses that chasm, you can’t just immediately have empathy. And so that’s actually where storytelling really comes in, where podcasts like yours and mine come in, we help them by creating a place for those stories to be told so that whoever you are, whatever place you are in a hierarchy, you have an opportunity to learn from other people. Most people, one way or another, I do believe people are doing the best that they can. Again, it has to do with the knowledge they have, the co-creation of their environment and the circumstances that they’re in. So I’ll tell you, I know, we’re probably going to talk about Scrum Alliance a little bit. When I was in my role as chief scrum master and Co-CEO, there were times when my team was saying, why can’t we do this? Or why don’t you understand this and sometimes, I’m a huge believer in transparency but sometimes there were things that I would just was not allowed to share, whether it was legally or from an HR perspective, for whatever what it was. And it was such a difficult place to be in. Because we now have this sort of gap between us and I would do the best I could to kind of close it but sometimes, literally my hands are tied and I couldn’t share the whole story at that moment.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 34:29

I’m sure it affects the trust too. We stand for transparency, we talk about all this stuff, but then things like you said legally or whatever, you can say, I can’t see how that would help the trust. Only the theory of trust, if you have with your team could expect you to do that.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 34:47

Yeah, to certain extent. I mean, I think if you have developed a good foundation of trust with your team, and you just tell them I’m sorry, I totally understand why this is frustrating, this is just something I can’t share right now, I will share what I can when I can. But in both cases in that situation, you feel like you’re on separate sides of something, even though you want to be on the same team. And so this is where people like us can ask the questions to help them understand each other? And say okay, so you’re in a specific place being asked questions or being told that you can’t say something, but you need information too in order to feel secure and so it’s self-awareness combined with empathy. And we can help people on their leadership journey by helping them to understand that, simply that, which is everyone in any given situation has needs that need to be met, questions they’re probably being asked one way or another, and they’re all doing the best that they can. And so how do we help them close those gaps and whatever situation that might be? That was a very general answer to your question.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 36:08

Maybe to build on that, I’m sure like, coaching, to support people on their journey, self-awareness is one thing you can help them as a coach. A lot of times, when we come in, is just creating that space for people to figure things on their own, or just to have somebody to talk to and let their frustrations out or just talk to things and I think there’s coaches and people that are supporting both at the team level and somebody that might be at the senior level or having more decision rights. Those are things that we can do. What do you typically do or what have you done, maybe we can even switch over a little bit to scrum Alliance, what have you done and what have you seen in those situations as a leader, so it goes both ways. And being in both roles I’m sure there were times that were frustrating and I think I heard you say a couple of times, that it was the most challenging time but also the most exciting time or I don’t know exact word that you use, but you use those two polarities in the sense that it was tough, but it was also fun and you learned a lot.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 37:38

Absolutely. I think the word I usually use is rewarding, the most rewarding and the most challenging. If I could remember, there’s a quote from I think it’s Wuthering Heights “the best of times the worst of times”. I wouldn’t say the worst. My goal at scrum Alliance was to unleash people in service to the mission and so in my particular role of the two, my focus was really on helping the organization internally to pursue the mission in alignment with their values, in alignment with the mission. And so that meant changing organizational structures and design, changing the way that we made decisions. And again, unleashing them like there were some incredibly creative and innovative people in that staff.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 38:38

Yeah, who’s the lady? Sorry to interrupt, but I wanted to bring up the story from HR, the lady in HR when you introduced the new way of hiring and why it was a full day on interviews. I see that as an unleashing from an HR standpoint, what you did, it wasn’t necessarily it was done before, but definitely for scrum alliance to do interviews that way, that was like unleashing the HR. What was the lady’s name that was…

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 39:07

Alex Arbuckle. I just have to shout out to Stacy too. Hiring events actually started a little bit before Alex, when she arrived, she just wrapped her arms around it and helped me make it even more awesome but Stacy Summers also, I love Stacy so much and she knows I tell her story all the time. But the very first time I came to Stacey and said, I want to bring all of the candidates at the same time to the office and I want to play games with them. She was a little shocked and I think she would say a little terrified and I was like, I promise it’s going to be okay. It’s an experiment. We’re going to try it once, maybe twice, see how it goes. And it was a smashing success frankly, some of the best people we hired came from those hiring events because we design them to find people who could be unleashed in alignment with our values and with the mission. And so they were fun, they were hard. It was it was a complex event to put on but not only did we find great people, but we created community, even with the people that we did not hire. And that was one of my goals. Even the people who didn’t join our staff, some of them still follow me on LinkedIn, and comment on things I’m doing now. And so that part was just incredibly rewarding.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 40:43

And I think if you look at Alex and Stacy too, we all move, nobody stays for long anywhere, anymore. So those are the things I think that you brought to them and supported them in their journey, leadership journey so they’re going to go to another company, and they’re going to say, hey, let’s try this. And I think, that’s what’s powerful about what we do, you can cross pollinate these ideas, people can figure out what’s working for them, introduce them in other places, and what a in my opinion, great way to support others, and showing them what you’ve done, but also let them create their own journeys along the way. Maybe as we’re kind of closing here, what’s the favorite story that you’d like to share from scrum Alliance experience?

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 41:40

Oh, my goodness. So, toward the end of my tenure there, it was coming up on Christmas and Hanukkah, and the holidays of 2020, we hadn’t seen each other in person in nine months and we put on a virtual Christmas party, which is like, okay, another zoom. But I mean, there were some really cool things that, our events team had done to make our own event really cool. They had put together some swag packages for the employees and we opened them all together. We had one of our employees at the time, who did a lip sync to a couple of songs and they were all dressed up and throughout the entire time, the entire zoom of probably 90 minutes, I can’t remember, I just saw individual people standing up and being themselves in that moment. And particularly with the lip sync, they lip synced to seasons of love from rent, the musical, which the entire song is about, how do you measure a year? How do you conceptualize for yourself what this year meant. And I mean, I was ugly crying, like ugly crying, because in that moment, I was like, we’ve done it, we’ve unleashed all of these people, and whether it’s at scrum Alliance, or somewhere else in the world, they now know that they are valuable as they are, that they have something to offer as they are. And some of them continue to offer that scrum Alliance, some of them like Alex have gone on to other places. But what I wanted, especially for that time and scrum Alliance history, was for those individual people to know that they were valuable. And so to see them stepping up, and sharing of themselves, kind of told me that, that happened. And I still hear from a lot of them, and I know that they know, they’re valuable, and they know that I think they’re valuable.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 44:21

That was awesome. And it’s probably liberating for them too. And as I said, it’s about that journey and I think that’s part of their journey that they’ll remember and that they’ll want to share and create environments wherever they are with others. Maybe as a last thing here for those wild hearts at work and for others, what is one thing that you want to share with them or invite them to do or anything that you want to finish this with? Because I know you have a meeting.

Speaker: Melissa Boggs 45:02

So I have a tagline that I am already planning to use on the podcast. I’m sort of outing myself right now. But it’s loaded so I won’t always get to explain it on the podcast so I’m going to share it with you and then explain it. As cheesy as it sounds, I will end every podcast saying until next time, dear hearts, stay wild. And this might make me cry when I explain it but it is really easy to get disillusioned. This is hard work, and it is hard to push against decades of this is the way it’s always been. And so what I want to encourage people to do here with you, on my own podcast, anytime I talk with people who are creative and radical and innovative and are pushing against the status quo, is to continue to do that, to stay wild, to find other people like you, and connect with them so that you can kind of build each other’s cups up so that you can stay in the work because it’s not going to happen overnight, like COVID did help cope. I hate to put it that way. I experienced during a pandemic accelerated this revolution, but there’s still a lot of work to be done because even when people begin to recognize that we need to change doesn’t mean they necessarily know how and so we have to stay wild in order to get to the other side to the new paradigm.

Dean Leffingwell: Flow, Metrics, Startups and SAFe Critics | Agile to agility | Miljan Bajic | #40

Dean Leffingwell

TRANSCRIPT:

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 00:40

Who is Dean Leffingwell?

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 00:42

So I keep some pictures of some of my keynote talks with a picture of a 10 year old with a colander on his head and a bunch of wires and goggles on like some kid aerospace engineer, that’s me, I still think of myself in that persona. When I was 10 years old, I remember sitting in my living room and seeing Sputnik on the TV. And I thought, wow, that space, that science, that’s off outside of the earth and not necessarily. And by the way, it’s really scary, those are the Cold War days. So I decided at that point, I was going to be an engineer. So I think of myself as an engineer, a systems engineer, first and foremost as a software and as an entrepreneur second. And then of course, you know, my major pride in life is being a parent, I’ve got four daughters and five grandchildren and I just got back from spending a week with them. So I’m a combination of those things. But from a business standpoint, I’m a systems thinker, I’m an engineer, I love software. I love the art of it. But I also missed as I entered the field, the engineering of it. When you study aerospace engineering and I did and biomedical engineering, there are laws of physics that apply and you come to depend on them. So when you build really big bridges, you know what the statics and the dynamics of that bridge is. And when I entered the software field, it was it was kind of pure art. And that’s a fascinating thing, because it still is pure art and science. So my goal has been to add engineering discipline to make better reliability and efficacy. Kind of grew up in the medical business, writing software for medical systems and helping others write it, making sure they’re safe, and yet leave the fun and the art in it. And honestly, I think that’s a paradigm for why I like agile so much. It’s fun to be on an agile team, there’s an art in it but there’s also a discipline process. And a lot of people you know, who are not familiar with the industry look at agile as we don’t need your stinking requirements, we’ll write what you want. We know that’s not true. We know that actually to create good working software in a time box is an extremely disciplined endeavor. I like structure. I like thinking and structure. But I like the greater freedom that comes with being part of an agile team. I like the creativity of software. So I started out as a developer, I wasn’t that great at it, moved into management within a few short years, I started my first company when I was 27 and you know, some, you know, some 40 something years later, I look back and say what a lot of careers in there but they all had software in them.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 03:16

Great. That is, you know, and I spoke with the Dave West, I spoke with Debeed and some other people that you had huge influence on and they had nothing but just great stuff to say about you. And maybe when you reflect on those 40 plus years and you’re dating yourself here as you know Dean…

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 03:37

Absolutely. Look, I have Froggy voice today so everybody will know already that I’m not 35 years old, so.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 03:46

So what do you think of the current state of agile and agility? And what have you learned and maybe where do you think things are shifting? What do you think on that?

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 03:59

Well, obviously for me, the big shift is agile just for small teams in a small company or can people at Raytheon or Capital One or AT&T or CVS Aetna, people working in very rigorous environments, people at the Air Force, is it not for them because it’s so loose and free? And what do you if the challenge you’re facing can’t be solved by two one piece of teams? Well, that’s really the challenge. And I got into agile because it was the next best method that I found. But I found within months that it didn’t scale. I coached some small entrepreneurial teams and one of my between career hiatuses that was incredibly powerful. I remember one team in particular, that was iterative and incremental and yet they really weren’t agile, and within literally six or eight weeks, they were on a different game. We were delivering value incrementally, the board goes, what did you do to those guys? Did you fire them all, hire them all? All I did was coach them in agile methods because I think the intrinsic motivation to do good work lives in every developer and the structures that we’ve imposed were the best structures we had at the time, like waterfall. I mean, it’s so fun to waterfall now, right? That’s just a blast. So we should go ahead and write the code without understanding what the requirements are. Or I know, let’s write the test first for a piece of code where I don’t even what I’m supposed to be building. So the reality is there’s a logic in waterfall, it’s very logical, and it just doesn’t work at scale and it doesn’t work at the velocity we need. So I’ve been a follower of those methods throughout my career, certainly wrote about waterfall. I mean, I wrote many words on requirements books that were people followed and followed today. So where we’re at, I think is that, you know, 10 years or so after we started this company, we’re at a state where now scaling agile is a known thing. It might be argued by maybe a fringe case that you shouldn’t scale agile, you scale XP, no, but you’re gonna have lots of XP teams. And they’re probably going to need to operate within the context of an architecture. So we’re at a place now where probably most of the global 2000 enterprises, whether it be IT or tech or not, are using agile, either as the branded method, or Scrum of scrums, or just as being really good DevOps teams that can shoot stuff out the door really quickly. However, we’re also in a state where the interesting thing that’s fascinating about my career, and yours as well is the problem is always bigger next. Every time we come up with a new tool, we build bigger systems. So there was a time when the space shuttle was huge, and the first satellite had a few 1000 bytes in it. Well, now cars have 100 billion lines of code. So we have this, we now have systems to thank, right? AI is a real thing. We use it every day. We don’t necessarily talk about it, but you can’t get in your iPhone without it. You certainly can’t, you know, you certainly get our recommendations based upon it. And so the industry is driven by systems. I like to think that my mission and the company’s mission, this is not on our website, but it’s what I believe, is we help people build the world’s most important systems. So the state of Agile is certainly more advanced, I’ve combined it with lean, because I needed that that body of knowledge to extend agile, and that’s relatively mature. And I think a lot of those thought leaders Dave West and Pete Barons and that person would say, you know, we know a ton. So the problem is not that we don’t know what we need to do now, the problem is execution, culture, mindset, you know, getting everyone in alignment to the method and the practice common taxonomy, etc. So we have more than enough in our arsenal. Safe is a is a big framework and that’s because people build really big systems with it. But it also scales. Our company runs safe. My daughter is a startup with one team, she runs portfolio safe and a single team. And they iterate, they do a demo every week, two week sprints. So those methods and practices scale to any extent and it’s up to us to apply them. And whether the thing is agile is not what that thing says on paper, it’s whether the people that do the work can do agile with that thing.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 08:25

And I think that’s the key. And then it goes back, I heard you say this, somewhere where like, you know, you within the safe framework, you’ve collected a lot of good things that I think you even said, like I stole or borrowed a lot of goods thing from other. And it is a collection of a lot of good patterns. But when it comes to people actually understanding those patterns, right, when you look at it, there is a gap between the competency and actually, and you put that even back into the measurements, that competency part because you can have the tool or you can have these patterns but if you don’t know if your people in the organization don’t know what to do with it, then it can backfire. And I think you get a lot of crap for safe and most of us do because people don’t know what they’re doing with Safe. A lot of times just, you know, with good intentions just that don’t fully understand what’s behind those practices and patterns.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 09:27

Yeah, and then we have you know, there’s all kinds, there’s Scrum bots and there’s safe bots as well. I come from one of the longest afternoons of my career was spent in Asia and I won’t say where was one of the world’s largest enterprises who had applied safe by looking at the big picture and that was it. And they’re going we’re really having trouble and each questions like no wonder you have [inaudible 09:50]. You don’t really understand the responsibilities of the product owner and No, they don’t actually own it. They can’t. So there’s a lot in safe, we make no apologies for that. And all of science stands on the shoulders of our forebearers. I mean, I think I probably have as much influence from Deming as I do from the combine community in my thinking. The goal of safe was to reduce, right, by induction 10s of 1000s of pages of brilliant work and is something people can read and apply. So we have, you know, a very light work around, for example, Lean UX. And, let’s say design thinking. My bookshelf has this many books on design thinking. Well, how much does an executive or a tech leader need to know about design thinking? Are they going to personally create empathy maps? No! But they need to know they exist and they serve a purpose. So safe is that distillation and we stand on the shoulders of others, for sure, other stand on our shoulders as well. I didn’t have to invent Scrum or Kanban to see how brilliant they were. But if you try to apply Scrum, without a sense of workflow, you’ve got a hand tied behind your back. And if you do Kanban with pure flow, without any kind of planning model, then you’re going to probably iterate more than you need to without stopping and thinking what are we trying to build. So in my view, none of these methods were perfect by themselves for the large enterprise. So little by little over the course of a decade, we started doing things like you know, if there’s more than two teams, there’s probably going to be some architectural governance necessary. And there’s such a thing as intentional architecture, there’s such a thing as emergent architecture, both matter. And we put that in perspective and say, absolutely, architecture emerges. But it can emergent by you, like, you know, like the monster from the swamp or it can be planned to a certain level of abstraction and then implemented with emergent design. Those are the things we think about as a systems engineer and safe is a system. I mean, if you want to pick on safe, the thing I would pick on is the fact that it is a system. So you can’t just say I’m going to do this but we don’t need any product owners or let’s run safe big time, but we’re not going to do value streams because it upsets my organizational model. The downside to safe, you have to do it, because it is a system, it’s a car and it has all the elements of a car. Have to be there or it doesn’t work. Now, having said that, you can start with essential safe, and there are ways to get started. But the reality is that at enterprise class, if you’re building a system that takes a few 100 people or a few 1000, you need virtually everything that’s in there. You don’t have to do it all, you don’t rip the band aid off, you don’t have to through Lean UX and you know, and really great epic decomposition or adopt lean portfolio management, or worry about model based systems engineering, what you need to worry about if you’re building a big cyber physical system, but the stuff that’s in there is in there for a reason. And it’s the minimum set that we can provide to help people scale Lean and Agile to enterprise class problems. I mean [inaudible 13:09] aircraft and robots and incredibly complex medical systems with safe, you got to have a lot for those people. They might go, for example, I think we’ve been working on recently is you know, safe is basically a set of value streams in a portfolio. Well, what happens if I have more than one of those and I have some cross cutting initiative that hits multiple portfolios? Well, they don’t say Safe is complex and it shouldn’t be more complex, they say, help me, I have this problem, we have GEPR and we have to do it across eight value streams or you know, Seven Arts and it’s not optional or we have this compliance issue or we have this initiative where we need to figure out a better way to understand what our customers are gonna leave us. Those are really big problems and it takes a pretty serious framework. So we’ve distilled and continued to still the works of others and the only invention in there probably is safe itself. And in addition, I would take some small amount of pride in lean portfolio management because that simply didn’t exist. If I could have found it, I would have. Instead when [inaudible 14:22] it took, you know, five or seven years to really get that to where that actually really works well.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 14:28

You mentioned that safe is a system and you know, I think you’ve described it as a flow based system. What do you think most leaders get wrong about flow and when it comes to organizational flow, economics of flow and things like that because I think that a lot of times that’s lost on people.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 14:50

I think the heart of flow is a very small batch and hard to think big and implement small. So we’ve been taught to think about the problem, what’s the whole system, what are all the elements and how to do it. But busting that down into really tiny vertical stripes, down to a user story level is really, really hard. So the concept of flow is all about kind of implementation at the micro level and knowing that this story is going to be fed by another story and that even a story can be split in half during the implementation. So safe is a flow based system and certain things like weighted shortest job first, only work in flow based systems. You don’t use weighted shortest job first to force rank a big group of priorities that are all going to be done at same time. You use weight first to pick the next job. So the influence of flow and frankly, the DevOps community which gets flow for sure, they didn’t call it that initially. They just started [inaudible 15:57] too. Those are the heart of I would call that really modern software engineering practices, the rest of the things, the way you manage the portfolio, okay, that’s flow based as well but at macro level. The project management practices that we use, you know, why you meet and when you meet, those are helpful, but the heart of safe is a flow based DevOps centric way to deliver good, solid, highly specific, high quality software more quickly.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 16:30

So coming back to the leaders though, like you know, a lot of times I see leaders that don’t fully have the background that they don’t understand, like when it comes to organizational structure, architecture, governance, you can impede the flow or you can create more just by not understanding what you’re doing. So like, what are some of the things that you do? I mean, I’m assuming you help them understand through value stream mapping just to visualize the bottlenecks.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 16:54

We start by acknowledgement of their roles and responsibility and empathy and by training them to the new ways of working. The first four or five years that I spent implementing agile at scale was mostly Scrum and Scrum of scrums with some XP thrown in. It was kind of before Kanband was really there for flow. And I will say we’ve succeeded in part but we didn’t succeed in the largest part because you can’t just Scrum inside an enterprise that is not quintessentially agile. So after one of those events and frankly, a flare up that we all just decide to throw up our hands and said the heck with it. I was asked to say what went wrong and what would you do different? And I said, I would never again approach implementing agile or agile at scale without training the leaders first. And that company took me up on my bluff and they said okay, you can train them first, how much time do you need? And I said two days. And they pretty much laughed. They said our leaders don’t have time for two days of training. Well then I don’t have time for your initiative. Because I can’t do what you need to know and two days. And the reality is that’s a starting point. It’s not like, you know, you take a two day class, you walk out some kind of genius, no, all you know is what you don’t know but you have a taxonomy and no places to learn. So the first course that I ever wrote wasn’t called leading safe, but it is leading safe now. And that is really a franchise course. We’ve trained, I don’t even know the numbers, over a half a million people, leaders, first line managers, architects, PMO people, project managers, Scrum masters, all the way up to C minus one and C minus two in leading safe. That’s two days, it’s one day of principles, lean agile principles and flows including. It’s about a half a day of PI planning, because the reality is the people that do the work, have to plan the work. And then the other half a day is okay. And here’s everything else that’s in safe that you might need to know. But those are the key lessons. And it’s a principle based method that we plan face to face or at least we plan contemporaneously because and the people that do the work plan the work, so there’s no centralized planning in safe. So if you take a set of teams and say they need some architectural governance, their leaders need to be trained in the new model and frequently, we’ll get them together to plan together, that’s kind of the essence of safe. And don’t forget to demo every week and you’ll probably be fine.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 19:23

No but those are some of the like fundamentals right? And I think and you talked earlier about like, you know, the importance or you alluded to importance of having the same terminology or having the same understanding. And I was just thinking as you were also saying, like, I was talking to Michael Cohn and he said, like, you know, usually he goes in organizations and they say, you’re gonna fail or he’s like I tried to scare people away and I was thinking, well, you know, Mike Cohn can do it, Dean can do it, but everybody else can do it. I mean, like, you know, why not? You have the authority to say that and to decide who you want to work with and what type of conditions you need in order to work with the clients. So it’s probably easier for you to say that but I think all of us coaches, trainers, consultants do exactly the same thing.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 20:16

You mentioned taxonomy. And I will tell you, I probably underestimated the power of taxonomy. And it wasn’t purposeful that I set out to say, I’m going to create a taxonomy, I just started seeing the words, I needed to describe certain behaviors or responsibilities. And I remember spent quite a few years back that we had a couple of early experiments with translating safe. And we were in Germany at the time, and we were dealing with a large International Bank, and we were proud to tell them, we’re going to translate safe. And the VP said, please do not do that. I have people in Vietnam, I have people in India, I have people in China, I have people in the UK, I have people in the US. I said we need a common term for things that are common. So if epic gets translated in some other thing, we’re not gonna know what we’re talking about anymore. And if you want to do a quick spike to figure out how to translate lean portfolio management into simplified Chinese, there isn’t any way. So we decided not to do that. Now we do translate our training materials, because learning about it is different. So it’s very difficult to you know, if you’re not an English first speaker, to learn effectively from an English speaker for English slides, however, the framework itself is not translated and there’s no plans to do it, because as soon as you do that, dispersion will set in, and the people in India will think this story isn’t epic, right or, you know, emergent design is intentional architecture or pick your phrase and it all will fall apart. So integrating a common taxonomy is a huge benefit and we stick with that. Now, it’s not perfectly aligned, and will never be because it was ever perfectly consistent, you know, that’s the end of the road, right. If we stopped and made it all consistent. But it’s consistent enough and it has conceptual integrity, so that the meanings are the same. So there might be a term that, we had a big discussion today and the framework slack about release versus deploy. Okay, there are times we use deploy, and there times we use release, and we don’t really discriminate necessarily, which is which in that case. It’s okay. Right? People know enough about deploy and release to get by that. Would it be better if every instance of the word was the same? Maybe, maybe not. Because some people do release management, they don’t do deployment management. So those are just the [inaudible 22:46] areas where you have conceptual integrity by agreeing to a meeting, even though the word is not necessarily exactly the same in every usage.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 22:55

So maybe that made me think about like, what like, if you reflect on the last maybe 10 years, the last five, like what were the biggest surprises over the years? Like you just didn’t expect and that hits you like, oh, wow, you know, I didn’t… So either something that you like implement the framework or what were some of the like, oh, shoot… I don’t know?

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 23:17

There were a number of surprises for me, aha moments. One is when I started, when I became an agile coach, the productivity and culture and engagement of the team skyrocketed. So I’ve been involved in VP or CEO of software company my entire career, I’ve never seen the type of change, we certainly didn’t have this waterfall, we didn’t have Word wrap, we didn’t have with FTD. So I’ve never seen the impact that happens when you decide that a team only has 10 people and somebody is going to worry about the backlog and we’re going to have a servant leader and we’re going to work together to ship software every day, every week. That was amazing. That’s why I do what I do now because and my mission is to bring that goodness to everyone. I’m on an agile team, I’ll bet you are. I‘m never gonna work in a company where that’s not my environment. So that was surprise number one. Surprise number two is while I recognize the problem in the industry with scaled agile, I actually didn’t want to start this company. I mean, there was people who started the company around me with my permission, I didn’t want to start another company because that would have been one to many. I’m honestly surprised that what an amazing velocity we have, and how with a relatively small company can have a huge impact. And it’s pleasing to see just today I had two vignettes go across my desk kind of in demo mode. One was a company that said with safe we were able to dramatically enhance distribution of our COVID vaccine. Another one said this is the only Large scale change I’ve ever had, that once we initiated we had pull from an entire development community. Those are heartwarming wins and things that really motivate you to say this is really good stuff. So I’m surprised, not that we’re successful but I would not have envisioned a relatively small company could have the impact that we have in the industry. So this is, you know, either lots of good business experience coming together with various business models. I’ve been a CEO and a director of companies all my career, or maybe it’s as my dad would say, even a blind pig gets an acorn once in a while. [inaudible 25:39] we hit a bottle rocket and that’s been really fun.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 25:44

So maybe I agree. And it’s also like it’s still short period of time. And I know, there’s also a lot of critics of safe and I think a lot of times just because lack of understand whatever it is, and there’s always going to be critics but are you surprised or you know, any comments on that? Because I think unlike any other framework, I think you and safe get more crap than anybody else.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 26:16

So leaders have critics, right? Anytime anybody disturbs a market, you’re going to have critics. That’s just natural, it comes with the territory. What has surprised me, however, is that in our world of respect for people and culture, and the notion of Agile as we’re continuously discovering ways of doing new work, how some of those critics have been well beyond the pale, and not about the method or the customer results, but just, you know, in the nature of, you know, bizarre personal attacks, from people who consider themselves to be thought leaders. I can maybe understand that, but honestly, I can’t respect that, because that’s not the way we behave. So critics for sure, bring it on, I think we put criticisms in two categories. Some are just really unfounded. I mean, you see things all the time, I saw one the other day that said, you know, safe overloads the teams. I guess we could or somebody could, but safe, does capacity allocation and has uncommitted objectives to make sure that not everything that you plan for you have to commit to. That’s just bizarre. Others are over time, especially are pretty good, solid technical concerns. Well, it says version five, but it’s actually the eighth major release of safe. So when we find things that we think have merit, we fix it. And the rest of it is just you know, water off a duck’s back, it’s just not a concern. If leaders spend their time looking behind them and saying, Oh, I need to address my critics, they’re not looking to the future. So we look to the future, we look to business outcomes, we’re rewarded every day. I mean, the criminal justice system of the FBI is built on safe and they told my team, the whole company face to face that there’s a lot less bad guys on the street because we [inaudible 28:12]. Okay, well, critics be damned, that’s [inaudible 28:17] honest outcomes. And those honest outcomes are great, we’re happy boys and girls. And we just serve the ecosystem, right? And these ecosystems are based on economics, make no mistake about it. There aren’t any philanthropists that I’m aware of wandering around saying, here’s my method, and I’m giving it away for free. So the economic determined, there’s an economic factor in all of that, that affects it. But I don’t think that gives an excuse for, you know, a sensible thought leaders to reduce themselves to statements of not fact and statements of inference and implying motivations that aren’t present. We don’t do that and I wish they wouldn’t, I don’t think that’s appropriate, but I don’t control that part of the world. I only control how we [inaudible 29:05] others and you know, never heard us or anybody that I can influence speak like that about anyone else in the industry that makes a contribution. So that’s our culture, it’s the way I grew up and it’s the way I also believe that if you’ve got to criticize a competitor, there may be something wrong with your offering, right?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 29:25

Well, either that and I think sometimes it’s just like, you know, picking at the you brought up earlier, the big picture, it’s like well, it’s challenging anyway. If you’re gonna, like, you know, just pick on somebody because, you know, they’ve tried to visualize a lot of concepts on a single page, like you said it’s tough. So maybe to kind of turn around a little bit on a fun side, like, what are some of the challenges that you’re dealing with when you try to visualize so much stuff on a single image? Like what type of discussions are you guys having and what are maybe some interesting or fun stories that you might have around…

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 30:01

Well, there are configurations of safe now, which there weren’t initially. But I will tell you the original debates were should we have a matrix view? Should we have a role based view? Should we have a asset view? Should we have responsibility view? And the answer was always No. I drew the first big picture in a discussion with a few 100 PMO people that weren’t enamored by this agile method thingy, and I had them in small groups, 45 minutes a session, because it’s a big, you know, kind of Agile day. And I decided that before I went into that, there’s a whiteboard on the wall and I said, they know how they work now, they know they struggle for sure but they don’t know what an answer might be. So I’m going to draw an answer so they can envision a future case. And I said, yes, there’s agile teams, but they’re going to work together. And we’re probably gonna, we’re allocating space work because teams branch their code, we do that, I do it, you do it. We’re not supposed to, we’re supposed to check it every day, well [inaudible 31:03] need to upload. And we want to create a situation where they bring that code together. And you’re responsible for governance. So rather than us giving a report about what it should be, why don’t you come see what it is. So we’ll turn to objective evidence and help you do your job. So I started sketching it out and showing the pattern, showing the teams working together. And I said, you know, architecture matters in building big systems so somebody is going to be responsible for that. That was the genesis. Then we decided only one page. And I had a fun conversation with one of my daughters who works in a nonprofit and she has asked, these new learning modalities that she’s trying to deliver. So she’s got a storyline together and I said, put it on one page. And we all laughed about it and looked around and said, yeah, one page tends to work dad so we put it on one page and start there. Now, what you wouldn’t know unless you started integrating backwards is that page is never the same. So here, each release, we take things off when we put things on. Otherwise, the density is already a retina burn and I admit it, right. It’s a retina burn. So what happens is, when things get to be known, we no longer have to talk about them. And when we talk about them, we take them off the big picture and we put new things on. So things like, you know, DevOps needed to be integrated front and center. There will be a time when DevOps is kind of assumed, and kind of integrated, we won’t have to devote that real estate. So maybe we’ll devote it to the next technical challenge. But for now, if you don’t make DevOps front and center people don’t get it. So when you see anything on safe, and you see real estate know that we put a ton of thought into that icon and we had to figure out how much space we could do to that, how many iterations we show, you know, how a P.I. boundary looks, how bold it is, and we debate that stuff constantly. But we do it as a team with input from the field, we have safe fellows and SBCTs from all over the world and they help. But in the end, we have to decide that this goes on to BP or it doesn’t. And we have honestly little luck with, we have an area for advanced topics, there’s a ton of good value there. For example, you know, the whole discussion on team topologies and some of the examples and advanced topics, people don’t find that. They go to the big picture and click. So if a thing is important, it has to be there. And therefore we use the big picture as to put the things that are important now. And when something is no longer important, it’s going to leave the big picture and something new that’s important will come on. So you know, the amount of space we devote to backlogs, the amount of space we devote to expressing iterations, the amount of space we devote to teams, the icons, they’re all thought with consideration of the fact that this is going to fit on an eight and a half by 11. And in an elevator, I can teach somebody safe. And when we use it face to face, I’m in front of a big picture and I literally put stickies [inaudible 33:56] on culture, and it gives people an orientation.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 34:01

And I think that’s what’s powerful about it are orientation and at least, you know, when I’m talking to people, and it gives them some type of map, a discussion point or something that we have in common that, you know, that we can understand.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 34:18

Yeah even though if you don’t agree with it, at least you can talk about it.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 34:22

Well, I think most of the time, it’s incomplete. Right? Like you said, you’re selecting based on where the industry is going, what you think it’s by nature and I think it’s a framework that’s made up of collection of good patterns. And, again, with people that don’t know what they’re doing, you know, a lot of you know, bad stuff can happen. What are you thinking about next? I’m sure you have a roadmap for like, what’s coming challenges that we’re facing, what are some of the things with 6.0 maybe or what’s in your mind?

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 34:55

So we’ve been dealing in a couple of areas. We’re certainly been addressing this what we used to call the portfolio portfolios problem. And really now we’ve surfaced that under the enterprise article, that is a big issue. We have six or seven additional themes, we’re looking at, you know, what effect does the cloud have on development today? Oh, my goodness. Well, we don’t really talk about that, right. We actually don’t talk about data which as we move forward in the marketplace, and we think about, you know, smarter systems and customers hearings and that type of thing, those are all being incorporated. So we’d have eight major themes that we’re working on, I don’t generally pre-disclose those outside of confidential arrangement. What I can assure you is there’ll be a six, might be a five-two or five-three, I don’t really know. We basically build up a bolus of enough new to warrant changing the BP and then we ship it. And we do a ton of work behind it. We’ve got I think, eight new articles on our backlog in this PI and none of them require a change to BP. So as those accumulate we’ll say, you know, we could have rendered this better if this is a busy area, we don’t need to talk about food anymore, because everybody’s doing too well. And here’s somebody that didn’t get this. They assumed this, I read this big misconception that the system demo was a team demo. And that at the end of PI, you bring all those demos together. That’s just not true. Right? The system demo was a demo of integrated demo of all the new functionalities that has been developed by all the teams in the last week or two weeks. So that’s a misconception. We really try hard to deal with that. But there’s only so much you can do about misconceptions without being defensive about it. But I saw that thread that says, we don’t use safe, we don’t recommend it because they only integrate at the end of a PI. That’s not true. It’s absolutely not true. I mean, we do continuous delivery of the framework and the PI boundaries are completely decoupled from any releases. I don’t know a time where we sat down and said, okay, we have objectives for the PI, but rarely is it I’ll release that thing by that date, it can happen. It’s not bad to have a forcing function. But we do continuous delivery, our customers do too. But if you don’t want to use safe for some other reason, you say, oh system demo, or they only integrate once every PI, that’s not true. But unless somebody clicks, somebody else would go guys, you don’t do that. That’s terrible. That’s like your waterfall busted up in the eight week chunks.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 37:30

But you would also like, I’m assuming, like, if you understand what you’re doing, you would also just make that assumption. It’s only like somebody that probably doesn’t have experience that’s looking for like step A through Z, that I need to do and you would make that assumption. So I can see why you know, it could get… You spent a lot of time based on what I heard on the new metric guidance.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 37:55

We did because that’s hard. I have a you know, off again, on again, love hate relationship with metrics, because many metrics change behaviors in ways that support the metric, but don’t change the underlying behavior principle you’re trying to get to. And we all know the, you know, the CMMI experience and what it’s like to be audited by others and I swear we will never go there. So I was really late to metrics in terms of my thought leadership. What we did do is we compiled things that work. Cumulative flow diagrams, right? The program predictability and we put them in an article that was honestly a collage. It’s like, here’s lots of interesting metrics to talk about. And we organized it by level because we need an organizing model. Well, that never really worked, frankly and there was no way that you could go to an executive and say, how do we really measure progress in this digital transformation? We’re going to invest x million dollars, we’re going to train people, we’re going to refactor the PMO, we’re going to hire product managers, we have to bring in some Scrum masters. Show me what kind of progress you’re making. So at some, that has been on the backlog for probably two or three years, for some reason, in the last six months, partially because we had some people that really cared about it, we said, let’s rethink that from scratch. And we backed all the way up to say what are we trying to measure and why? And it started out with, you know, four inputs and one output and simplified it and it finally evolved to really, there’s three things. We do measure competency, because you can’t improve if you don’t measure competency and mostly that comes through training, but not only. We need to measure flow. This is a flow based system. And frankly, if you don’t measure outcomes, we’re all wasting our time. So the key that we said these are the three things that matter. Now CFD, okay, that’s part of flow, a predictability measure that can be part of flow, a set of iteration metrics, well, okay if you want to measure a percentage of coverage of unit testing that can be part of flow. So we had to repackage things in this major carrier. But it’s been a real hit because people get that. Say I need to improve my competencies, I need better flow and I need better outcomes. So that really simplified, I think that’s another example of induction. Right? There’s so much there that you couldn’t understand any of it, and when we simplified, simplified, simplified and reduce it to the three things that really matter, then I wouldn’t say the article wrote itself, because I think it’s the second highest record for most revisions. I have the leadership mantle there, the organizational agility article went through 18 major revisions. That’s not probably by the way, that’s how far off I was to begin with. Metrics [inaudible 40:47] 13 or 14 before it went live, but as soon as we collapse on those three, we said that’s, we’ve got it. And then [inaudible 40:54] it’s a flow based system, we’ll show where you measure outcomes, where you measure flow and how you adjust competency. So we’re really pleased with that and I think, very pleased by the reaction because people do need to measure. You can’t improve what you can’t measure. I mean, Taiichi Ohno said, you know, without standards, there’s no caisan. And so you have to do that. It’s just that it’s been done so badly and so often that I was just burnt and I didn’t want to walk out into that. And you know, I actually don’t care how safe you are. I care whether you’re getting the outcomes that Lean and Agile at scale matters. So there’s no, there’ll never be in under my watch a third body that comes around and assesses your safeness. Never! But I know who can assess your safeness and that’s the people that are implementing it. And they can do that as a self-assessment, they could do that as a coach assessment, they could bring in an outsider, and they can introspect and say, you know, I know we’re have good predictability but I don’t think the velocity is there or we have some performance issues that are gonna need to be addressed on the team. Only the teams can do that and empowered model, they’re empowered to do more than they were before. So you got to give them the tools they need, you got to give the executives tools they need. And if we don’t crack up and metrics again for a few years, that’ll be fine by me.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 42:16

Great. No, it is. And I think there’s also like, you know, when you look at these, you know, from outcomes flow competency, you can actually look at, you know, for instance competency, you can look at, you know, individual competency, organizational competency, even like from skills you can look at, you know, competency as far as skills versus emotional intelligence, like, you know, how big is the cup versus how full is the… like, it’s just the I really liked that aspect. And maybe we could talk more about that another time. But I want to get maybe last topic here, safe for startups, Luke Holman, recently wrote an article about startup but first route. I wanted to get your thoughts on that.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 43:00

So safe does scale. We didn’t design it for startups, I’ll be honest. We didn’t design it for our company. We run our entire company on safe but guess what? The operational value streams don’t fit as well on safe as [inaudible 43:14] value streams do. So there are some stresses and strains on that. But kind of by example, my daughter started a company a few years back to basically build some intelligent technology, some applications, potentially some machine learning around autism, diagnostics and remediation. And in order to kind of get her started, I gave her my usual you know, lean startup books, and, the Crossing the Chasm and all those kinds of things. But then she started asking questions like, well, you know, how do we meet? Well, you’re just a single scrum team. Well, what’s that? Well read this article and see. So there are a single scrum team, but they run two week sprints, and they use the portfolio. So we actually do PI planning, we bring in other stakeholders for PI planning. We just converted the system demo from every two weeks to every one week because we’re approaching some milestones that we can’t really afford to miss. So most times when her company struggles with process we just go back to safe. And they don’t you know, they’re not as release train. They don’t they don’t have a system architect. They don’t need it. Their lead developer is a system architect. Most of it, they don’t need, but the stuff they do need, they need really badly. So you know, if you think about agile, it’s basically the plan, do, check, act cycle, right? And you have get that all the way up. Well, they’re just one team, but they really benefit from safe and as I mentioned, whenever they get in trouble, we find solace, we find words. I mean, we had a discussion about the system demo. And I said, Marcy, have everybody read the article. And she read the article and she said, Dad, we’re not doing that. So now they are, okay? And all of a sudden she’s saying, Dad, I think I’m seeing higher velocity. Because we’re really focusing on the outcome, we’re focusing on what the user would see, not what our process is or what you know, what infrastructure we’re deploying, or how we’re doing with Amazon Web Services. These demos are now about what my user sees. And she says, I think the velocity went up and the developers are going, our velocity did go up. Are they working harder? I don’t know. Are they working more effective? Absolutely! So the principles of Scrum, principles of flow, the principles of systems thinking, how would they not apply to a startup?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 45:29

Exactly! I think like you said, like, it’s that cycle. It’s just like, how short does your feedback loop need to be? And, you know, for startups is probably a lot shorter, like you said and your adjustments. So that’s really, at the end of the day, what it comes down to.

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 45:47

You know, the principles matter. I remember, many, many years ago, working with a leader in one of my organizations. And we ran one way experience generally because we were in an unknown area, we’re inventing the future, we couldn’t afford to wait two weeks to learn anything. And we came to a time where there was a release scheduled in about three weeks and the leader, you know, basically the, you know, the scrum master agile leader said let’s do four week, four day iterations. And everybody’s going well, how does that make any sense? Well, you and I know. And what he said was, otherwise there’s not enough time to fail. So when you talk about the scalability of a framework, and understanding your principles, cutting down to four week iterations makes sense as you approach a deadline. But he could have said, hey, there’s only three weeks away, we need to dispense with all these dang meetings and we’ll just do one three week sprint because it’d be way more efficient, a lot of people would have said, well that makes sense. But he didn’t and I didn’t and they said absolutely makes no sense. And talking to my daughter about her situation and development, she said, well, there’s not much, we’re still really early in development, there’s not much the demo. And I said time for demo.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 47:05

Exactly. Get some feedback. So maybe the last thing, what would you like to leave us with? A message, anything that you would like to say or maybe anything that I didn’t ask you?

Speaker: Dean Leffingwell 47:17

Honestly, it comes down to leadership. And I think respect our leaders and have empathy for them, we need to recognize that they probably weren’t raised, they probably didn’t go up in this model and it’s going to take a journey for them to get there but we have to be relentless, we have to not be arrogant but we have to stick to our guns, we have to know this is what agile is, we have to coach our leaders and when we find a leader that’s exhibiting wrong behaviors, we have to say that doesn’t work in an agile model, it doesn’t work to motivate others. So in the end, it’s about leadership because most of the rest of us work in a system and we can’t change that system. Only the leaders or managers can change the system. So focus your attention on the leaders, have them get whatever training they can, do a book club, read Reinertsen, attend leaning safe, do whatever, but get people’s minds around the lean agile mindset because it’s not a trivial mindset. It’s you know, lean boot camp and lean manufacturing used to be six weeks of training. These are not trivial thoughts so it’s going to take for our leaders to get it but they need to. If they don’t, they will be displaced for sure. And if they do, they’ll have an opportunity to contribute to the next digital age.

Mark Kilby: Distributed Agile Teams + Return to the office | Agile to agility | Miljan Bajic | #39

Mark Kilby

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 00:42

Who is Mark Kilby?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 00:47

I heard you ask others this question, I’m still not ready for it. So, I actually started off as electronics and robotics engineer. That’s where I started school. But in my early career but I was one of the few electrical engineers that actually enjoy coding so I was always given the coding assignments. And so, I just did more and more of it and decided this is actually fun, I will just shift. And so, early part of my career was in software. I used to joke that I was also rocket scientist for a while because I did work with NASA so I can make that joke. And then I went from tech lead to project manager and kind of started making that climb and thought, I’m seeing a whole other class of problems here that school didn’t prepare me for but I really want to get into and it was called people.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 02:02

That is one and yet we don’t spend a lot of time.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 02:05

Yeah, which is why I was enjoyed some of the other podcast episodes that you had and it’s about the time that Kent Beck’s first book came out and I was reading that. I went wow, this is crazy enough, it might work where I’m at right now. I might try this. Because the part that I got about it was the synergy and the communication wow, that’s cool. I could really see this working. And so, since that time, I just kind of shifted over. I really appreciate my early teams and how they let me experiment on them. I would come up to them and say hey, I got this new thing, they were oh, not this agile thing. But it’s something that will help and so this is where I got into continuous integration and try pair programming. This was like early 2000s and did more of this and 2001 of course was when 911 happened and jobs were scarce. So, I ended up kind of going back into my old line of work as a software developer for the brand-new Homeland Security Department at the time and I can’t say more about that. But one of those teams that I used to work with they kind of resurrected their business and said that crazy agile stuff, we think we want to try it and that was 2003. That was actually my first official job as a scrum master.

So, from there was several years of that company, helped them be successful and that was also a Department of Defense work where agile wasn’t supposed to work then.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:04

I know. I was going to say I tell usually people like if you want to look at what things look like 20 years before 10 years before just go work for government and it’s a good indicator. Maybe with DoD it’s a little bit better but generally speaking.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 04:20

Yeah, but trust me warfighters understand, inspect and adapt otherwise they wouldn’t be alive. So, I have actually a lot of fun with those early Agile projects in US Department defense and then which worked for rally software and just got into a ton of industries. And the funny thing was they all had similar tech problems but they also had similar people problems. Who know?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:50

I know right and people brothers are probably the tougher part out of those two, right?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 04:57

Yeah, and strangely enough my engineering background did not prepare me for any of that. So, I had to do a lot of self-study to really understand that. And also, I had helped to manage a role. So, I saw how one could do it poorly. I learned that firsthand. It’s like okay, I’ve got to learn how to do this better for myself and for others and that’s what I’ve been doing the last 20 plus years.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 05:29

How did you get into this distributed remote base?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 05:35

So completely accidentally and so some of the same early companies and teams. Because it’s department defense, it was not unusual for part of your team to be in one country and part of them to be in another country. And if I say more than that, I have to hunt you down. But it would not be unusual at times for the team to be 13 time zones apart. So, I had to figure a way to make it work. It was not so much. We were mostly doing scrum and XP kind of things there. It wasn’t so much about the time boxes, it was how can we not only deliver the software but how can we rapidly get feedback because that other product team was usually pretty close to the end users. And so, they were getting real time feedback and giving it to us and say hey, this is really a problem. It’s not really a bug but we need to change this because it’s causing issues here for how they use the system.

And so, we would make changes sometimes every day and push it back and it was amazing to see how well they responded to that. And there was one program we were on it. We were a subcontractor to a subcontractor to a inaudible(7:00). I mean we were way down on the inaudible(07:02) and some of the government contracting officers noticed, we have to wait six months or sometimes a year for some of the changes from the prime. But you guys, we just mentioned something and it seems to change in like two to three weeks. How do you do that? He said well, we have this little review meeting we do every couple of weeks, you should sit in on that. So they started sitting in and they said can we ask questions? I went oh, absolutely. This is really a great place for you to ask questions. So they’d ask questions, the team will talk about we probably can’t do that the next two weeks but we could fit that in here soon. And they received a change and they invited their friends, they invited other agencies and so they decided you know what, when this contract is bid out again, we’re going to make it a small business set aside as it only small businesses can bid on it. Guess who got the prime contract and guess who became our subcontractors? Everyone that we used to report to.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 08:19

And I’ve seen that and in essence I mean like what you just described is just shorten the feedback loop and get closer to the customer, right? So, like a lot of times we overthink things but it’s really like it makes it even more difficult when you have a situation like that with multiple parties with long feedback loops or at least opportunities to create long feedback loops. So I think we still struggle with that how do we get closer to the customer, doesn’t matter if you remote, distributed. It’s all comes down to the feedback loop or shorten the feedback loop. And I don’t know I’m trying to think about somebody told me like if you want to summarize agile concept in couple of words, it’s really about shorten the feedback loop to the shortest possible loop given your context, right.

So sometimes it can be a couple of seconds, sometimes it’s going to be two, three weeks but like we’re always pushing ourselves to shorten that feedback loop to validate with the stakeholders, with the customers and just inspect and adapt and that resonated with me. Again, I still can’t remember who said it but it was in one of the interviews that I did.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 09:44

Yeah well, what I would add to that is and give the team as much autonomy as possible to react to that feedback because that’s going to be the faster reaction. If you have to run it up the chain and back down again, that slows the response, that slows the feedback loop. And that’s what we found even in our early distributed teams was even though we’re 13 time zones apart, one, we had a really cohesive team. So, they were always 13 time zones apart. These were certain times of the year. So, we were all back usually in the same office or at least two offices and we would rotate who would go out to the site. So we knew if we didn’t respond to this people who are out there, we’d be the next ones out there so you better treat them well.

But we were all really good about what is it you’re seeing, alright, let us work on a problem, we will get you some kind of fix in 12 hours. And because we knew they could go off shift and rest and the team back at home base could work things out and usually did because they all swarmed the problem which is what we talk about these days is whether it’s mob programming or whatever, it’s like get the team to swarm the problem, get all the brains to think about the problem.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 11:19

So that autonomy, that swarming requires trust, right? Without trust, everything is so much harder. So, what have you seen especially when it comes to distributed teams? How do you build trust? What are some of the things or maybe for those that are listening like having distributed teams, a lot of times I get questions, how do we build trust? And besides being vulnerable and like what tips would you give people, what are some of the ways that you’ve seen teams build trust?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 11:50

Yeah, so I’m going to do classic consultant response, which forms of trust are you referring to?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 12:00

Well, maybe because I think trust is so important and everything becomes so hard. So, what types of forms of trust? How do you categorize the types of trust?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 12:12

So, there’s certainly the trust within the team and then if you have larger projects, programs, release trains, whatever, that you have some dependencies I mean you try to minimize that but it does happen, what’s the trust between those teams? And then also, what is the trust between the team working on the product and the overseeing management because they’re providing the resources and when I say resources, I’m talking computers, funding not people, the people are people for me. So, there’s at least those three forms of trusts that you really need to work on and it’s exactly the same kinds of things you have to work on if you’re all in the office. And actually, you’re probably not all in the same space all the time anyway. So, let’s talk about the first one.

So having been an engineer and knowing that most engineers aren’t too into the soft skills that much or as in the soft squishy stuff as I sometimes called. You have to look at okay, what is it that’s important to them that will build trust but also give them something of value? Well, how long do I have to wait for somebody is usually one of those things because as somebody with an agile coaching approach, you want the team to collaborate so they’re collectively solving the problem. But if you have engineers that are used to tackling their problems and they get pride out of tackling the problem by themselves, you get to kind of give them opportunity to say okay, you can’t know everything. So, let’s look at how you can respond and how others respond to you when you do you need help and it’s okay to ask for help. You haven’t lost engineering points or anything if you ask for help.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 14:20

Also has to do with the personality right and I think also alluding to is like sometimes, if you deal with introvert like helping them understand that and understanding them like empathizing with them for a lot of times at least the way that I’m more of an extrovert but the way that introverts have described to me is like they want closer relationships. They don’t want things. So, if you’re trying to help them, I think understanding that their preferences and then looking maybe at how does that contribute to the team goal and what we’re trying to do as a team. Is that something that you look at too like the soft side of how do we understand the human side of things?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 15:06

Very much so. So, in order for them to better stand each other and how they react to things, I have tried many things with remote teams. I’ve tried Myers Briggs, I’ve tried strength finder, you name it, I’ve probably tried it. Crucial conversations I could say didn’t go over so well for most so they didn’t care. But I found one exercise and I have it on my website that it can be very short or it can be very long based on what the team needs and it’s called a compass activity and it’s very simple. You have a north, south, east and west and there’s usually some attributes tied to it.

So north is you jump in action, that’s your tendency. East is you need the big picture, why are we doing this? South is I really want to get everybody’s input, I tend to be in the south both geographically and according to this activity and then the west is I need all the details. So, people who are a little more analytical, your QA folks are usually not always. But it’s interesting and what I do is if they’re typically use a chat tool or grab their avatars out of chat so it’s something they recognize each other by. So I’ll put their avatars on the board and say okay, now that you know what the compass points are, move them where do you typically like to operate. And there’s the usual kind of put in between two, there’s always that and I just say just put where you typically tend to operate. So, you see the position and then you usually hear some oh. I say look where everybody positioned themselves. Oh, so Frank, you put yourself between north and west. Now, I know where you get mad at me when I say slow down, let’s hear from everybody else. And there’s a series of questions that if you want to spend more time, you can get them to think a little bit more about what those directions mean and I usually phrase this, we’re going to talk about work preferences so we can just better understand how we can react well to each other. I’ll usually say we can take a half hour for this, we can do a retrospective and I’ve had teams even ask hey, can we do that again? It’s been a while, we got a new person and I say okay.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 17:58

I’m going to try that out because like that sounds like a really good way. It’s almost like that compass is serving as a visual reflection to the team and it’s easier to discuss it and discuss the observations with a tool like that.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 18:17

Yeah and that one has by far been the easiest one for them. Just think about where they run into problems and you know it’s successful when they start joking with each other about it. We do hear them comment and you hear this oh, that’s a north comment.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 18:39

Well, that’s awesome because I think it creates opportunity for them to be more vulnerable with each other. Because now like you’re exposing kind of what your preferences are and you’re saying yep, this is kind of what, I prefer to be more of a detail person and more of so that’s great. What else? I mean that’s a great one. What other things do you do?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 19:04

So, honestly, for one of the best things to do is to well, there’s a couple things actually. One of the best things to do is provide space for the casual conversations. So usually, one of the ways I’ll start that out is I’ll just like it’s a stand up or regular meeting, I’ll just say hey, I’m going to be on a few minutes early and somebody will go why and I will just say because and some will get curious and they’ll come on and I’ll ask him hey, where are you at? How’s the weather and we’ll just start talking and you pull up a habit of some people showing up early, the others who come right on time go why you guys on already so they get curious and sometimes I’ll say this is the official start time so we got to start. But I will say if you guys want to continue the conversation, I got a little bit of time afterwards.

So, I never booked back-to-back. I try to keep some of those spaces even if it’s five minutes so that they can connect. Sometimes you have to be really creative so I mentioned this in the book, there was one team that didn’t want video and I never forced anybody to use video but none of them wanted video. They just want to use Voice Over IP and this is what they’re used to. This is how they work. I said okay and I was trying to find a way to kind of tap into who they were. And so, I was really struggling and I said well, let’s try ending the meeting different ways. And so not being afraid to look stupid, I tried a couple different endings like that’s all folks. So, I would think of different ways, TV shows and movies ended and I got like no reaction for a few weeks. Okay, this is not working. I tried one more thing and I said and, on that bombshell, inaudible(21:11). Five seconds later, the quietest guy in the team reaches out to me through direct message on chat and goes, what’s that from Top Gear UK? I love that show and we spent a half hour on chat. He never told anybody about that before but that’s how we connected.

So sometimes you have to be very creative but don’t be afraid to share a little bit about yourself. So, for instance, you’re seeing this is not a fake background. This is my messy. This is actually my wife’s desk behind me. So, we share the office space here and it’s not unusual sometimes for kids to come in and out although I have a warning light for them do they know the cameras on now. But if kids come in while I’m working with the team, I’ll introduce them. It is because it’s just like if your kids were to walk into your office, would you not introduce them to some of your coworkers? How is this different?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 22:19

I think a lot of people try to which is a challenge to even before COVID separate the private life from the work life and we’ve been kind of conditioned too as soon as we walk into the office or as soon as we join the meeting like we’re different person. Well, you’re not really a different person.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 22:38

Yeah, I tried that for the first few years of my career and that just stressed me out. It just takes too much energy. And I when I found out that if I shared who I was at work and the same thing at home, you get to feel like oh, I’m the same person all the time. I don’t have to expend all this energy. So people have met my kids sometimes even on podcast like this. Right now, my warning light is on and the family working agreement is if they come in with that warning light on, they will immediately be introduced to whoever is in the video. And I’ve said they’ve come on, the recording signs on the door, the red light is on and they walk in and they go oh and they quickly close that door, they forgot.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 23:36

How old are you kids?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 23:38

Well, now they’re older but they’ve seen the red light now for a few years so they know the red light means you are going to get introduced.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 23:46

I have a five-year-old son. I get to do that with him too.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 23:51

Five-year-olds might enjoy that so they might come in all the time. My youngest is 16, 20 and 21. But when I started that, that was when I was working for fully remote organizations. That would have been 2014 because we were going through Ikea one day, I just started this new job coaching in a fully remote organization, I went like look at this light strip. This is perfect. This is exactly what I need. It was an Ikea purchase.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 24:30

That is nice. And maybe like just to kind of summarize this section and trust it’s really get to know your team members, be creative around how you get to know each other and how you build that trust because I think the examples that you provided a great way to go. You didn’t have to do that. It’s probably more work for you as a scrum master or as a facilitator to do that but it actually creates that connection. So those are relationships that will help and make everything better. Is that kind of what you’re saying?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 25:04

Yes, and it’s sort of has a fractal relationship because if you sat on the team and you encourage them to do it for each other, it kind of works its way out. So, this gets to these other kinds of trust, trust with other teams and trust with management. So, one of the other things that I learned early on before it was written all over the internet was bring everyone together at least once a year. And this is not just to talk about big projects but really to socialize. And yes, even your introverts like this because guess what, what you do then is find out what do they like to do?

And so, it’s not only planning out what are the big topics to discuss but what kind of social activities. So not everyone wants to go to the bar, great. Bring your favorite board game. We used to have like long nights of board game competitions between some of the teams and they got to know each other, the teams got to know each other. And it built sort of a broader camaraderie and sometimes we had management and they’re playable on.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 26:17

I think that’s something that maybe this is a good segue into our next topic with going back to hybrid remote work environments. And I think I’ve been on remote things and exactly what you’re saying that we would and ones that I think it was even helpful, we would do it like quarterly or a couple of times a year. And exactly just let people self-organize, just bring people together and give them opportunity to self-organize and people will do what they like if they self-organize, right? What do you think as more and more companies are going into this hybrid remote work, it’s here to stay? I mean I think nobody’s denying that. What do you think is happening? What is the current like things that you’re observing and where do you think we’re going with the future of?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 27:18

Yeah, so the short answer and I have a longer answer but the short answer is hybrid remote was what we all remember before the pandemic is what we hated and now this has been proposed as the solution. I’ve worked on hybrid remote teams and it’s possible to do that. I talked about it in the book too. But if you look at it as a spectrum of fully in the office and fully remote, those do work best. And if you work hybrid remote, you’ll need a whole other set of disciplines. You’ll actually fight yourself because we’re used to oh, somebody here physically, let me go talk to them. We’re wired to pay attention to other humans that are around us around us and so it’s very hard to do that.

So, some of the things that I’ve done to help in those situations, again thinking about the people connection, how do I get the people in the space more connected with those in other spaces? And I deliberately try not to stay remote because I don’t like any of the words we use right now, remote, virtual, distributed.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 28:54

How do you call?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 28:57

Right now, I’m experimenting with the term location free and see how that sticks with people. Nomad has another connotation.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 29:11

I know.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 29:15

It has multiple connotations but whenever I hear people use remote, distributed, virtual, it’s always especially in a hybrid situation, it’s kind of an us versus them difference and that worries me. It’s not those remote people and us. It’s no, we are the team, you have to think about it as a team. So, with that, some things that I’ve done and I’ve seen others write about this now but say I was facilitating some of my first hybrid teams, I guess it’s probably mid-2000s. I hit the classic problems of oh, everyone in the room would bring out sticky notes and then the real people are out of luck. So, I came up with the idea, it’s too much energy to try to stay in touch with remote people and try to facilitate the conversation and be the Agile coach. I need to spread some of this responsibility out. So, I would ask for volunteers and say okay, those of you in the room, let’s say we’ve got three who are not in the room, can one person each stay connected with one person each that are not here and just make sure they can hear, they can contribute if we use sticky notes because there wasn’t a lot of sticky notes apps then. I think Google Docs yeah, it wasn’t till 2010 before Google Docs really came out. We didn’t have any of those.

So, I would ask the buddies to make sure they are with those who are not in the room and make sure they can participate.

So, it wasn’t unusual if we were in a conference room together sorry, I’m jiggling the camera but I had my phone here. It wouldn’t be unusual for people with cameras to be taking pictures, texting it to their friends but they sympathized with their situation and you see things like oh yeah, put this on my sticky notes. And they go okay, hold on, I got to get Amy stuff on here. And so yes, it took more time but there’s a sense of there’s others here that we need to take care of and we need to take care of them as a group not the facilitator or the coach and that was a big aha for me. It’s like yeah, that should be the way it is. It shouldn’t be one person. It should be the tribe taking care of each other.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 32:07

And I think that’s going to be interesting even when it comes to training these hybrids. So now, I’m not sure. What are your thoughts on the hybrid remote environments?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 32:27

So, I think it’s a good interim step for companies that still aren’t sure because everyone went remote when very few were planning it. Now companies like Dropbox were fully in the office but they were talking about going remote. So that’s why they made such a rapid transition. They were already discussing it as an organization. And so, it’s like well, here we are, we might as well make the best of it and so they’re an interesting one to watch. But those companies that weren’t ever prepared were never even thinking of going remote. Now they’ve got the problem of oh, we have employees that have now realized they can function remote. You might lose these valuable employees so that’s one.

But two, I’m hoping some of the leadership has realized yeah, we really don’t need everyone in an office. Oh, wow. That’s a big problem because we’ve got a five year lease of the space but it’s a good lesson. So, I’ll go back to the Dropbox example because I just heard a talk from them. What they’re doing with their spaces right now is they’re getting rid of all the individual desk space and it’s becoming a studio space. So, they’re fully remote but they still have the spaces available if a team wants to come together for like a really deep design thinking session or something like that. Yeah, they could do it online but we know it’s probably going to work better altogether. The last company I was at, we used to this as well. While everyone was remote, if we had some new product we were thinking about, what we would do is usually get like an Airbnb house, get some flip charts, bring it in and usually that’d be set up in the living room. And then people could do whatever they can cook together. And then during the day, they would kind of jam on whatever the problem is and how they’re going to approach the project. But they would use those days to really kind of bond as a team as we’re working through because that is a better way to do it.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 35:00

That’s been my experience too like most of those type of things, the team building and getting to know you lasts lot longer than whatever outcomes or outputs result from that. So, I think there is going to be need for that. But I also think I mean it’s like sometimes we need a kick in the butt for us to realize that something is feasible.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 35:26

Mother nature has given us that kick in the butt.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 35:29

Yeah, and I think everybody’s rethinking. As you’ve seen over the last 10 years like how tools have evolved and changed, what is your thought just how much and maybe I would like to dive into a new topic of communication and collaboration and how tools have helped us with that because I think doesn’t matter what organization you’re in. Every time I go in usually communication and collaboration are like either number one issue, number two issue or number three issue or all three.

So, what do you think when it comes to the tools and how have tools help us better communicate and collaborate in this more distributed and remote?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 36:21

Yeah so, I think tools have played a huge role especially in supporting all remote. Of course, I’m kicking myself for not having shares of zoom. But I wish I had that ability but also and this is not sliding zoom because all the current mean software’s like this where we’re really looking at the model T of online collaboration. It’s widespread, it’s now well known, it’ll get you where you need to go but don’t take it on a long trip. It will be painful. And I think we’ve all realized that day long meetings in a grid of pictures is not fun.

So I already saw this in 2020 and it’s accelerating even faster and 2021. There’s a huge number of startups now that are trying to crack this problem and not just new meeting tools but there’s a lot more activity in the AR, VR space. So augmented reality, virtual reality that has some issues because I played in that space for a while too. But I think we’re still in that model T era where yes, we have the common platform to connect us but it could be better. So, it’s not just zoom, WebEx, we are all in the grids and everything. And it’s not the best way for us to collaborate and kind of going back to your hybrid question, none of them do a great job hybrid. Zoom supposedly is coming out with some feature to support that I don’t know the details of that. I just heard it in their newsletter.

But even in 2015/2016, there were some very interesting solutions where I was experimenting with. There was not just the robots that drive around but just see the tabletop versions where you could get an iPad Mini tablet, you could sit it on the robot and it becomes sort of your eyes and ears if you’re remote and you can remotely kind of pivot so you could look around the table. Now we have things like the meeting owl which is something very similar but that’s more expensive solution. I wouldn’t be surprised if we see some more pragmatic solutions out of the maker space. So, somebody who’s going to come up with a kit where you can make your own AR, VR robot. I’m sure it’s going to happen and you just plug it whatever tablet you have to go.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 39:36

It is and I don’t know like for me like I think if I just go back or even if I go back, my family moved here in 95 and I remember my dad spending close to $1,000 on phone bills to call back to Sarajevo. And we talked about the vlog like imagine like where you could see other people when you call them and I feel like we’re going into that space now where like we still think about it as like imagine if I could just come into my room and put some type of gear on and I’m going to have a hard time distinguishing between reality. And I think I won’t be surprised in 10 years where like we’ll mostly be all remote in these types of things. It’s just the question for me is like goes back to the people side of things. It’s not something humans are used to for who knows how many 1000s of years where we’re been more of touchy feely that type of close proximity. But I do think that technology is getting pushed and what we’ll see in the near future is going to shift even more how we work.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 41:07

Well, I would say when the technology gets to the point where we don’t have to turn it on, put it on, it just kind of runs in the background so that you can’t tell somebody physically next to you or not then it will make the difference because I realized I didn’t really answer your hybrid question and this kind of goes back to it. I think with where a lot of companies, big companies in particular are going and being hybrid too it depends on whether they’re seeing it as a way of not losing staff or really providing a benefit. So, if it’s really providing a benefit, my guess is they’re eventually going to shift more and more remote because they’re going to realize that’s really going to be a better way to implement this. A hybrid situation, it’s tough inaudible(42:02). They’re probably going to lose those employees that want to go remote and then they’re going to say okay, we’re just going to all go back in the office.

So, I will be very surprised in five years if there’s a lot of hybrid implementations unless there’s a major technology change or actually, that’s the only thing I can think of. I could be wrong so it is just hybrid is difficult for us as humans.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 42:44

And this reminds me, I was looking at your Twitter profile which I think you either posted a question or it was in one of the I think in clubhouse or the question does remote rebase line salaries which I think HR in general which was like in general like how does HR need to look at this whole thing because a lot of times they’re driving some of this change.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 43:16

Yeah. And it also depends on some broader issues. So, you can look at how does it impact our company, our customers and our employees? But if you take a wider view of if we allow our employees to be remote, how is that going to help their local economies? How is that going to help the environment overall? We’re already starting to see plenty in the climate change region or the area climate change and as company, do we want to help with that? Do we want to promote that? So, some will some won’t. And I want to be clear, I don’t believe remote is for everyone. I’m not on the everyone should be remote bandwagon. I don’t agree with that because I know actually many people that this last year and a half not being able to go in an office and see their colleagues was psychologically difficult for them.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 44:31

How much do you think that is? Like something I’ve been thinking about since like I recently had a group of people in my CSM class that were mostly like college students and I’ve taught like undergraduate classes, graduate classes and what’s interesting is that especially with undergraduate especially even younger that like this is way of life for them. Even like as I was teaching class in mural, they were taking notes as I was speaking, they were adding stickies as I was speaking. The other ones would add like rephrase like what somebody else said and it’s like a continuous collaboration and we’re all talking. And I’m like this is like a lot different than my typical class and then they thought I was weird for thinking that that’s was weird.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 45:28

It’s like, why wouldn’t you do this? That’s a whole other thing is. So, we talked about the kids in class. So, I have three millennials and I’ve watched how many apps they use. I’ve watched how my boys more so than my daughter, my daughter was never much. She will do Minecraft and things like that. She likes that but the boys jumping from game to game with the same group coordinating the discord like a team. And it’s just amazing how they jump from game to game with different objectives but they stay together they yell at each other but it’s like they are growing up with this skill set. It’s common. They’re going to be very used to operating this way.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 46:23

Well, that’s the thing. And like even you said as a developer like what I’m seeing today is like we’ve been conditioned to like I’m a front-end developer on this application right or back end. And today like kids are learning that problem solver that’s solving customer problems and yes, I know that I have to be a full stack developer and I might need to develop other skills to understand how to help my team.

So, I guess the question is how much is that shaping what people want versus the age differences? And if the organization is looking at the next 10 years and how invests into where it wants to go, who are they going to focus on and how is that going to shape personal preferences because at that point, we’re talking about personal preferences. I like talking to people, I like being in person versus like no I’m fine with you know.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 47:28

I think we’re going to see the ripples of this time period for a few years. I think there’s going to be more shifts. I know April 2021 was the big shift reported in the US labor statistics four plus million quit but I don’t think that’s the last time we’re going to see that. I have a feeling there’s going to be other shifts probably one in the fall would be my guess as people experiment with this hybrid where the company says oh, we don’t like this or whatever happens and there’s going to be more shifts in the labor market because of that and I think it’s going to happen a couple times. And at the same time, we have these newer generations who are already very comfortable working face to face and online and they’re going to have some opportunities, I think.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 48:29

And then I think have some say in what their preferences are. Maybe to kind of like and because I tried to bounce it between some tips and also like what Mark and Mullah would talk if they were having a couple of drinks and just chit chatting. But that’s how I started in a sense so there is a little bit of what interests me and what might interest you but also like what could people get out of this or maybe some tips. So, what I would like to end on maybe is when it comes to remote meetings, what will be your tips on making remote meetings work better or what tips would you give people to make meetings better?

Speaker: Mark Kilby 49:18

Yeah, so good facilitation skills are still important. They are different online but having purpose having an agenda, following that but also being willing to adapt. So, there’s a human side to this as well. It’s not just sticking to the agenda but being very clear this is why we’re meeting, this is who we need. This is who we don’t need. We don’t need everyone piling on the Zoom call to see if we can get all 50 little squares on the screen and being very focused. This is another interesting thing about where those companies who’ve been remote for a while have experimented with asynchronous. It doesn’t mean they never meet. It means they’re very deliberate when they meet, they’re very focused. We need to make a decision, we need to brainstorm some options, we need a high rapid feedback cycle so that’s why we’re going to meet on Zoom tomorrow. Everything else they’ve figured out okay, if it’s information sharing, we can do that online. We don’t need to be. If it’s a Q&A great. But let’s see what we can do online and then anything else we can do in a meeting but they are very deliberate in their meetings. And as I was saying before, you might provide a buffer space around it for the human connection. How are people doing, anything you need? So however it works in your culture to provide that buffer but going from meeting to meeting to meeting, that’s inhuman.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 51:00

It is. I think we’ve all been there. It’s like you just there for the sake of being and I actually shared the concept of the law of two feet from open space and one company implemented it and they said they loved it because they were just showing up to meetings because it was on their meeting invite. And when it was made okay, the meetings were a lot more focused and a lot more efficient because they could say these are the people that need to be here, can we organize? And another thing that you said which I think is so important it goes back to the story of people taking notes for people that were not. I think it’s that accountability that we’re all responsible for the success of this meeting and that it’s not just the facilitator. But we all need to think about given the context what can we do to focus, to understand what it is that we need to do in order to make this meeting effective for everyone. I think a lot of times that’s misunderstood. It’s like the scrum master should think about that and it’s their meeting.

Speaker: Mark Kilby 52:14

Yeah, instead, look at how do you spread that responsibility out? So, one practical tip is if you tend to take notes in Google Doc, first thing you should do is say here’s the notes, purpose and agenda. I’m running the meeting, who’s going to take notes? And then keep your hands off the Google Doc. Don’t start taking notes even if you’re tempted to do that. Let others jump in and you’ll usually find 1,2,3 other people will jump in or if they’re of the appropriate age, they’ll all jump in and put sticky notes as you said.

Christiaan Verwijs & Daniel Russo: Scrum Team Effectiveness | Agile to agility | Miljan Bajic | #38

Christiaan Verwijs & Daniel Russo

TRANSCRIPT

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 00:43

All right. So maybe Christiaan, let’s start with you. Who’s Christiaan Verwijs?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 00:50

That’s a very existential question. Well, let’s just say, I’ve been Scrum Master for 13 to 15 years, quite a long time. I started Deliberators together with [unsure 01:04] and familiar face in the community. And I think Barry and I are both very passionate about working with Scrum teams. It’s not even about Scrum, it’s just about what they make possible. We both have very good backgrounds in Scrum teams, we’ve seen how well it works and also what it can create for teams. And I think we start, we noticed that it was very different often in real life for other teams. And I think that’s why we started deliberators just to help more Scrum teams actually get something out of it and make it work for them and enjoy doing it. So partially Scrum Master, but I’m also an organizational psychologist. So that’s sort of the academic background, social more relevant, I think, for the paper that we wrote. And there, the focus is basically leadership, motivation, theme processes. I’m very interested in that and I’m also a professional Scrum trainer at Scrum.org so that’s sort of the three most important things about me. And also important, I have a cat and my wife [unsure 02:03], she’s sitting next door, she’s a photographer, and she’s really cool person. So that’s also important to emphasize, I think.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 02:11

Nice. Yeah, I was gonna ask you about something, you know, besides, you know, some people might not know about so. I know, I checked out your website and you do talk about it in your website about your cat and your I believe your wife. So what will be something that people might not know about Christiaan?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 02:29

Well, I want to say I’m a huge gaming nerd but if you follow me on Twitter, you probably know so that’s probably not something…. Well, I think most people, what they don’t know is I’m really into exercising, I really like to keep my body fit, especially with Corona and sitting at home, I’ve been doing that a lot. And that’s something I always do at home so people don’t see that. I don’t go out running, I have a treadmill upstairs and a rowing machine so I really enjoy doing that. And I watch a lot of movies during that time. So that’s one of the other upsides of that.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 03:01

Nice. I do have the equipment but I don’t seem to use it as much as you.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 03:07

Familiar problem I think with that kind of equipment yeah.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 03:11

Well, thank you. Thank you, Christiaan. Danielle Russo, who’s Daniel Russo?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 03:17

I’m a professor of engineering at Aalborg University in Copenhagen. I am doing research mostly about Agile software development. And right now, I’m looking much more deeper into the effects of the pandemic, of the lockdown to software developers, software engineers and to try to find out how to keep productivity and well-being high.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 03:50

Nice. What about the fun side of Daniel Russo?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 03:55

The fun sides of myself. I’m an extremely serious professor right so I don’t have any fun sides.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:06

I’m sure that’s not true.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 04:12

You have a lot of confidence in me I see.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:13

I do. You wouldn’t be hanging out with Christiaan if you didn’t.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 04:20

We have so much fun right?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 04:24

Yeah, yes. I love sailing basically right. So I think this is my real passion so I am blessed to live in Denmark where you know we have a lot of water so I, so I loving doing regardless and all this kind of stuff and you know the general day, see environment and atmosphere. Yeah, I very much enjoy it.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 04:55

Nice. I’ve never visited that way but I am planning to. Usually, I was born in Sarajevo so like, most of the time, when I go, we just fly to either Serbia or Montenegro or Croatia. And I’m going to spend two months from late August to late October in Europe. But again, it’s like we just try to fly as quickly as we can over there, little take the time to travel to Europe but we’re gonna try to take some time and do that. You guys spent seven years investigating, researching, and I don’t know if you guys did it together or what happened, I want to hear from you. You’ve interviewed or you’ve looked at, you get feedback from around close to 3000 people over 1000 themes. Could you maybe give us a background on what triggered this research and what was the background behind it before we dive into some of the details?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 05:53

Sure, you want me to take this one Daniel and then I’ll pass over to you?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 05:56

Absolutely go ahead.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 05:59

So it started, actually, it started maybe at the beginning of my work with Scrum teams, because I was always, I’ve academic training so I always look for ways to connect my work to scientific insights but I kind of quickly discovered that there’s not a lot of that in our community. And basically, what I’ve done is over a couple of years, I followed the scrum teams that I work with and I observed how they worked. And we use that information as input for the case studies that we share in the paper. So it was a systematic approach to see how do Scrum teams work? What are the challenges they run into? What factors influence their effectiveness? And from that we developed a model that we’ll talk a bit more about that in the coming minutes. But it started quite a long time ago, actually. And the fun thing is that it was sort of a hobby project, because I really like to, I don’t know, create some more reliable knowledge. And I basically started this as a hobby project where I started gathering data also with the strong team survey, and it’s available online. And then Daniel reached out to me to ask if it was possible to either analyze the data or work together on it. And I think that’s where our collaboration also started, which was awesome for the primary reason that it was a great way to connect the practice of working with Scrum with scientific analysis and the rigor that comes with that. And that’s how I met Daniel. And I think, Daniel, that that’s like the starting point, right?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 07:31

I guess so. Yes. Yes. So I also started to work about Agile software development from the early start of my PhD. And so this has always been very interesting research topic for me.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 07:54

How’d you find Christiaan? Like, how’d you find about what he was doing? Beacause I’m assuming you reached out to him.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 08:02

Yeah, yeah. So I did because basically, I started my, let’s say, research journey into a dry with very, let’s say, standard approach, doing case studies, field studies, and so on, so forth. And basically, during the late years of my of my PhD, you know, I started to become a little bit more quantitative in my research approaches. So I look in much more detailing to structural equation modeling. And where basically also where analysis of his paper is based on. And I was looking for saturated data, which you know, could actually fit potentially SEM, Structual equation modeling. And I went basically through internet browsing, I saw his scrum survey and I thought going for it was actually, it was actually a very nice instrumental and tool And then, you know, I just reached out to Chris and said, Why don’t we do something together?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 09:12

Yeah. And what the cool thing is about that because you just mentioned that briefly Daniel, like, structural equation modeling, which is, it’s this really advanced statistical technique that we’re probably not going to go into in detail. It’s really cool thing. I’ve always been very fascinated about what’s possible with those kinds of techniques. So I was already doing that sort of in my own time, I was analyzing the data with structural equation modeling. But the thing is, there was no one in my vicinity who knew anything about it. So it was also very hard to get help. And Daniel is in his field also one of the few that’s using this technique. So that was pretty cool that we sort of it was possible for us, I would say statistics nerds to connect on that level too. And that was great for the paper because structural equation modeling really is very powerful for this purpose.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 10:01

Yeah, and I mean like, one of the things that you mentioned that resonated with me is like Scrum is very popular, agile is very popular, it’s been around, but like, there’s not really a lot of good research out there. There are case studies, if you go to save website, if you go to, there is a case study one offs, probably one person, marketing person writing it, there is no real data over time or so it’s surprising the way but it’s also good, you know, in a sense of the platform or maybe example that you’re setting for others because I think we need research like this to give us a little bit more insights and into effectiveness, not just of Scrum teams. But you know, a lot of other things that are surrounded, you know, organizational design, like, you know what. So maybe let’s dive into the some of the research. What was the most surprising thing to you guys as you were collecting this data, analyzing this data? What was the most kind of surprising aspect of this process?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 11:19

Daniel, feel free to take this one.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 11:21

No, no, please go ahead.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 11:22

Or maybe there were no surprises. Maybe it was…

Speaker: Daniel Russo 11:25

No, but you know, I think that it was interesting because Chris and myself, we have actually two somehow similar but also very different mindsets right? So I basically, rarely get surprised at somehow, right because I mean, especially if you work with quantitative data, right? So you have an outcome and basically, it’s your job to make a you know, sense of a specific outcome. Sure, I mean, not all our research hypothesis has been supported but it is absolutely normal in any research. So I mean, from a very, let’s say, academic perspective, not much, but from a practitioner perspective, there definitely were a few surprises and therefore I like to ask the question to [inaudible 12:21].

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 12:21

Well, maybe just one thing that surprised me at the very start and that’s part of the collaboration with Daniel also is that I discovered for myself that there actually is a substantial amount of scientific research into agile Scrum and so on. But that research is somehow not finding its way to us as practitioners, which it’s just a waste, because there’s such useful research being done. But the other way around is also not happening. So practitioners are not really reaching out to academics to work together. So that was sort of surprising on a meta level on the outside of the analyses. About the paper itself, the study we did what I think was the most surprising was that the model that we had in mind, based on the case studies that we’ve done, actually fitted the data really well. So it means that it makes sense, right, based on the data, it makes sense. But there were also some effects that we couldn’t find in the data. As Daniel said, there are always hypotheses that you are unable to find, for example, that I was personally really expecting that very autonomous teams with higher level of autonomy would be able to respond more quickly to release more frequently. But we did not find that effect in the data. That doesn’t mean it’s not the case. It’s just something that we did not find. And I’m still, like, we’re still trying to figure out what does that mean. And that’s also the nice thing about research, it opens avenues into further research and further investigation into what may be going on there.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 13:51

Yeah, that is very interesting. And I think that’s something that stood out to me too in a sense, organizational structure has a huge impact on teams and how teams operate. So you could have very decentralized structure. And if you just look at the scrum team in that context, things might be different. If you have a very hierarchical structure, and you’re only zooming into a theme, then that’s going to happen then now even you know, to look into the technical side of things, if you’re looking at the scrum team in a government organization, or large company might be different how they still use cobalt or you know, that whatever the technology or systems they use. So that is I think, something that, from my perspective is worth maybe researching more and understanding the dynamic between those things.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 14:47

Absolutely. Yeah, it’s maybe also good to mention that when we analyze the data, we actually we knew from the teams from what kind of organizations they were from, like very big, very small, what sector so on. And we actually the model that we present in the paper generalize across different sizes of organizations. So the effects we found are not different between small and large organizations. And that was in a way surprising to me, because I was thinking that in large organizations, the dynamics are going to be so different that the model will be very different too, but that actually seems to be not the case. There are small differences of course, but they’re not significant.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 15:27

That’s interesting. And it was also interesting for me to, I kind of pondered for a couple of days.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 15:36

You dropped out, your audio dropped out I think.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 15:38

Let me see. Can you hear me now>

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 15:41

Yes, I can hear you.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 15:43

Yeah. So I’m not sure, he was saying my internet is unstable somewhere. Maybe that’s why, maybe the hardware. So I was saying, like, I was thinking about the key takeaway and conclusion from your research for a couple of days. So maybe could you describe what you found out? And then we’ll dive into each of the areas and maybe depict but at the end of the day, you know, what is the theory of you know, scrum team effectiveness? What did you find out?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 16:21

Daniel, you want to take that one?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 16:25

Ah, again please start and I will may be…

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 16:29

Sure. So the summary I think of our study is that we’ve identified five core factors that together determine how or at least determine to a very substantial degree how effective Scrum teams are. And those are responsiveness of Scrum teams. So how quickly can they release the concern that teams have for stakeholders, their level of autonomy, the climate of continuous improvement, whether or not the operating one and the support they receive for management. Those five factors together, predict a substantial amount of effectiveness of Scrum teams. And effectiveness, we define that as stakeholder satisfaction, and high team morale. So effective teams have satisfied stakeholders and high morale and from those five factors we described, we can actually predict that to quite a substantial degree, which is really cool.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 17:22

It is and like, it’s also like common sense, right? You would think that, hey, you know, if I want something and you building it for me, if we continuously collaborate, and I understand what you want, then you know we’ll probably get on the same page. And in real life, you know, it’s very hard for teams to talk to the stakeholders. I had one situation where I was asking a senior leader and describing this, like, teams should be talking to the, developer should be talking to your stakeholders to customers, whoever the stakeholders are, right? And they were like you crazy, Miljan, you want my weird developers to talk to the stakeholders? You know, and like it was a trust issue. It was like, you know… And then you talk to developers, and they’re like, Hell, no, I don’t want to talk to the stakeholders. It’s like, leave me alone, I want to do my work.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 18:20

And you know what’s funny about that? Because that’s something that’s super recognizable from all the teams that I’ve also worked with. But with one team that I’ve worked with the longest, we actually had that as well, like developers were not interested in talking to customers. But at some point, we were building a new product for our customer, a large enterprise customer and I just said, you know what, we’re going to work for a couple of sprints at the customer site, which was a big office, and our company was a smaller one so we were not used to big enterprise offices at all. We just went there and we worked on that location and it was the most fun time we’ve ever had. And if I meet people from that team now, they still remember that, just how cool that was. And it was scary. Of course, it’s scary to talk the actual stakeholders and users and customers but the feedback we got, that was incredible. So absolutely useful.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 19:12

So let’s maybe dive into the stakeholder concern. You have kind of like four subsets underneath that. And one of them is value focus. And this is another area where it’s weird in a sense. I asked this in every situation. I asked developers, do you know what value is? How value is described or defined by your product owner? And most teams don’t know. I do this in classes too, and you’re trainer, ask them, how do you define value? One or two hands will go up. So when you look at the value of focus, it’s one of the key things but what are your thoughts and if nobody knows what that value is, how can you focus on value?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 20:02

What do people in your classes say when you ask that right? How do they respond if you ask what value is? What kind of words do they use?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 20:10

Usually like you know, return on investment or you know, customer satisfaction. And I say all of that is true, but usually, it’s multiple factors you know. I’ve worked with a company San Francisco and they’re building essentially, artificial screening of they want to put boards on like Uber and share rides. So it profiles you as you walk down the street to say, hey, here’s Christian, or here’s Daniel, show him this type of ad. So essentially, Google ads and it’s illegal, you can do that. But they’re trying to figure out if they can do it then you have Google ad on Uber. And for them, they get $7 million in funding. So for them, it’s not about customer satisfaction in the sense, maybe it’s a stakeholder, but it’s really about learning and trying to figure out if they can make this work and make it legal. So I tell them, that’s different than when I work with like a publicly traded company, insurance company or bank, where they have different definitions of value or what value is. So I think what’s usually missing is the discussion around what do we define as about? So from your perspective, this value of focus, what did you like, when you look at the data and maybe some of the things around value focus, what are your thoughts?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 21:43

Well, in this case, what’s always tricky with when you sample 1200 Scrum teams is that they work in different environments, right? So value is going to be different. But what we did ask teams is there a strategy behind the work that you’re doing that is focused on creating something that’s valuable? Do you actually talk in your team about what value is? So basically, it’s more on a meta level, like what you said like, right. So do you actually have conversations around it? And one of the things that’s really important that also came out of the case studies is that the more effective Scrum teams work closely with stakeholders. So that’s why stakeholder collaboration is also part of stakeholder concerns, obviously. But if you talk with stakeholders, it will be easier to understand what the value actually is in the work that you’re doing. And product owners can facilitate that but they don’t have to be the only person in the team doing that. And maybe you can even have teams without product owners that also are very good at this. So I think that that’s what we tried to measure in the survey but measurements are always really hard.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 22:50

And if I may also add something on this to try maybe to demystify a little bit of the paper and things from such as basically any measurement instrument available on this planet, which is supposed to be generalizable, it has its limitation. Right? And there is absolutely nothing we can do about that. And as Christiaan said, correctly, it’s much more about the meta level. It’s as I also like to say it’s not a receipt book, right, where if you’re going to do A, B, C, and D, then you know you will great value is defined in these three different categories. And the three different categories are very same for all company around the globe, right? I mean, this is absolutely, totally unrealistic. So what we think actually is of much greater value is to see if actually people, if teams are actually reasoning around certain topic in order to tailor their specific strategy, right? Because I mean, at the end of the day all agile processes are basically a fettish right? So basically, there is no one fits all solution but it it’s also highly dependent on the specific organization. Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 24:31

Yeah and I just yeah, I think going back to what Christiaan said about you know, that Meta, it was just the discussion. I think you know, it is like for the teams to start talking about value, whatever you define it, but it’s important then I can, I guess it resonates with me, like with teams that I’m coaching or training or mentoring, I am always trying to help them understand the importance of that discussion around what value is and our focus. So that stood out to me and also like under that same area sprint review quality. You know, in your paper, you talk about like, what’s the quality of sprint review, which goes back to stakeholders, which goes back to the feedback. And I think that’s another area that resonated with me because I said, yeah, absolutely. You know, this sprint review is a good indicator, how much collaboration and how much we’re talking to the stakeholders. From your perspective, and maybe Christiaan from you for as a practitioner, what are your thoughts? I mean, you’ve seen all kinds of, you know, but sprint review is a good indicator of what’s going on, right?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 25:51

Yeah. Well, what we, basically the study that we did just one step back. And what we did in the study is we use 13 case studies to see what patterns can we find in all those Scrum teams that were part of that. So basically, it were 13 organizations with one or more Scrum teams. And what we did is we identified a whole lot of variables. So sprint review quality, stakeholder collaboration, value focus, we already covered some of those and we used statistical techniques and existing literature to identify a structure like a higher level structure. And those are the five core factors that we talked about. So right now we’re talking about stakeholder concern and below that are value focus, spring goals, stakeholder collaboration, and sprint review quality. And then we actually tested this whole model with data from another source. But I think that that would be really cool to talk about next. But basically, for sprint review quality, my own experience is that it absolutely is one of the first things I look for with teams and also one of the first things we tried to change. And I remember there was a sprint review once with a customer that actually was a really cool company. But there was a sprint review, it took five minutes, everyone, a whole lot of people came in, like from all over the place people came in, there was a developer who turned on a projector, they showed an API and a couple of responses that were returned from the API, that was the demo, everyone applauded and they were gone. That was it. Barry and I were both there, we were like, what just happened? No feedback, no questions.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 27:30

But everybody was happy that they weren’t held hostage for much long.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 27:36

Yes. So they seemed happy, because you were applauding, right. But to me, a good sprint review is about the conversation again, about talking about what actually did we do this sprint? What does it mean for the work that’s coming up? What are the problems we were in into? What else changed in the meantime that we need to account for? And hey, stakeholders, what do you think? Is this actually what you’re looking for or not? But that’s not as often happening as it should. And we can actually say with our research that this, we already know this as practitioners, but it’s really important, it makes teams more effective. But maybe, the analysis would be interesting to talk about more.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 28:14

Yeah, let’s maybe talk about that. So tell us a little bit more about the analysis and what you guys did there.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 28:20

Yeah. And Daniel can do this properly way better than me. So because…

Speaker: Daniel Russo 28:26

Right, so I think let’s start from the basic at least to provide an understanding of the whole research process, right. So there are more or less and it’s clearly an extremely simplistic view but you know, let’s save it for our two main research philosophical approach, which is basically a very constructive inductive one, where basically we are observing the real world as it is, and we are after from that basically, inferring our theories, right. So what are basically theories to understand which are the relevant phenomena that are happening and how both phenomena relate to each other.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 29:13

Alright, so that would be just to clarify, that would be like sitting with the teams observing.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 29:19

Absolutely. Yeah, yeah, doing it in an interactive way typically, over a long period of time, until you reach with a call for consideration. So basically, meaning that no additional information adds value actually to remodel your use to so far, right. And this is actually a very, very effective, although very long and expensive way to, you know, to understand the world as it is. Great and, you know, and actually, so far, most of academic papers about the dry are more or less this way. We wanted to go, let’s say one step further and actually see and validate whatever. Our you know, theoretical observation, actually, were also fitted into empirical truth, right? And what does this means? This means that we have to operationalize all of those different phenomena construct we observed. And after verbalization, I mean, I’m telling this in a very short and again, simplistic way, for each of the steps. I mean, I guess if each of these steps should do be in a podcast per se. Anyway, after having operationalize the constructs data were gathered from Scrum teams, right. And most significantly, you know, it’s not 110, 50 Scrum teams, but it’s almost 1200 which is an amount which has never been used in computer science. Alright? So I mean, I think this has been excellently remarkable and I think we should all thank, especially Christiaan that was, you know, the first man in line in collecting it actually.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 31:36

Just started it sort of as a hobby. So…

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 31:38

But this is just a comment on this, I think, as you’re describing this Daniel and like what Christina alluded to, like, we’re clueless as practitioners, most of us are clueless about this stuff. And I think we can work more better, like what you guys did is a great example where we can as practitioners, we can educate ourselves a little bit more about these methods, so we can help and do more stuff like this.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 32:04

Right. Absolutely. Absolutely. I think that generally speaking, the academic community is also very open to that. So one very typical discussion Christiaan and myself are having is, you know, why you know, are both two different communities working on very same topic, just so distant? Right? I mean, it makes absolutely no sense, you know, because, for example, we and with we, I mean we in academics, right, I mean, we really put a lot of time, work, effort, resources, you know, into finding whether base to improve Scrum and to agile in general and right. And, you know, and on the other hand, you know, so I am learning from Christiaan, you know, that basically, someone invents, and I want to [inaudible 32:59] but you know, someone comes up with hierarchy framework, basically, on the top of heirachies mind right without any kind of empirical validation. But as an academic, this looks quite weird to me to be honest. Right? But anyway, the reason is that, you know, this two community, I, you know, I don’t point fingers, I don’t want to blame anyone, you know, it just happens, it’s just this way. So, I would say it my call, both, you know, to my colleagues, and both to the practitioner is let’s try, you know, to build bridges. I think that we both have a lot to learn from each other. I you know, Christiaan and I would not have met but I think that I’ve learned much more from him than he actually has learnt from me so you know that’s just how that it is.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 34:07

You’re way too kind.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 34:11

And I think, you know, which is a pity, and I think that we should reason up and we should all…

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 34:18

Well, maybe to add to that, because that’s something that Daniel and have been talking about, like for the years that we’ve been working together. But Miljan, you actually mentioned it before that the model, if you look at it in the paper, it actually feels like common sense, right. As a practitioner, it makes sense if you look at it. And I think that this is a good example. In this case, it makes sense and it actually fits the data, which is great, right? So we can actually empirically verify, okay, this is the case, but I think in our community, a lot of people and that includes myself at times I will absolutely admit to that, say things that sound true but are not actually true when you observe what’s happening. So for example, safe right? I know nothing about safe. I’ll be completely honest about this. But I do know that in the trainer community and the coaching community, people are like safe and it’s stupid, doesn’t help. If you look at the scientific evidence, it’s far more nuanced than that. There are actually papers, they’re like, okay, we see some benefits of it to choose from these kinds of organizations, maybe not so in these kinds of organizations. I think that sort of nuance is missing. So it seems common sense, safe doesn’t work but it’s actually not true. And I think that that’s the pursuit that if we do that together, as academics and professionals, our customers, our clients, the people we do this work for actually benefit because we can help them more, more honestly, and more reliably. And I think that’s our ethical responsibility.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 35:44

Exactly. And that’s, it’s really, like we’re not aware of our own biases. Right? And it’s the same, it’s easy to, you know, have an opinion without any, you know, data besides, you know, this is what I think over, you know, period. And I think that’s the case with safe, I think that’s the case with Comba and that’s the case even from a different perspective with Scrum, you know. And I just think like you said, the stakeholders and everybody benefits from having better understanding of what’s actually going on. One other one that I would love to have somebody study is you know, how we define success of these agile transformations and what it is. This is something that people debate all the time, you know, the rates are very high, they go, you know, to different research that’s not necessarily relevant to the context of Agile transformations or whatever transformations in general. So, again, I think we’re echoing or saying the same thing, which is, how can we work together? How can we collaborate and break the silos between the two communities to help everybody?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 37:00

Yeah, and Daniel actually has done really interesting research into agile transformations and what contributes to successful transformations or not. So there’s also research about that, which Daniel should absolutely talk about, right? But there is also research about that and it’s really cool.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 37:19

Absolutely. And then we are also very happy to share it at the link of his podcast if someone is interested also can clearly have a look at it. And also Christiaan is helping me to write a non-technical medium article in order to, you know, make it easily available for everyone. Anyone, if I may maybe conclude the research process?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 37:52

We got distracted by a rabbit hole.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 37:54

Yeah. That’s great. That’s great. And yeah, right. So, basically, we collected this huge amount of data and then through you know, the statistical techniques that we said before, so, basically structural equation modeling, we were able to see how the data actually fitted to the model and, you know, good news we actually fit them out so apparently, you know, what we have observed in reality actually is also empirically validated by data on one hand, but also what we can do with actually regression modeling is not to have a much more nuanced understanding about individual relation about how strong each relation is are there any significant difference among for example groups and like so, for example, Christiaan mentioned about big small granger and so on, so forth I mean, we can have really a great understanding of the general phenomena, we are actually looking to and this kind of research approach is called mixed middle approach. So, you know, you have two middle so one constructivism one positivist right. So, basically where you’re inferring your phenomena and afterwards you are validating it and you know, and using this this mix approach really allows you to have actually quite a deep on one hand and once on another hand understanding of in this specific case, quantum effects.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 39:41

So, that would be for instance, taking the like what I wrote here is, at the end what you wrote like you can have, let me see here, you can’t have one without the other. So when we talk about, do you guys know what I’m talking about here?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 40:00

Yeah. So it’s the responsiveness and stakeholder concern, you mean both right. So we actually, in our model, and this is also something we found in the cases. But in the model, what we found is that it’s great if teams are responsive, so they can release frequently to stakeholders, but it doesn’t really add anything if they don’t, if the team is not also very focused on stakeholder needs, because I think in practice that looks like a team that’s delivering a lot but it has questionable value or is not what stakeholders are asking for. The other way around is also true. So if teams are very focused on stakeholder concern, but are never releasing anything, or very infrequently, which is kind of waterfall, if you think about it, then the effectiveness is also much lower. So stakeholder satisfaction, team morale are very low in those cases. And I think that’s a very interesting finding in our study that we actually were able to see that in the data very clearly.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 40:56

And that’s why I was bringing that up. But to come back to Daniel’s point about this is where you could do more research, is that where you would say you could take phenomena like that maybe and then do that type of research or am I missing the point? I’m missing the point.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 41:16

No, no, no, no, no, no, no. I mean, I think the beautiful thing of research is, you know, there is never a wrong or right answer. Right. So again, it’s not about that. I think that everything can be investigated and for every question, you have an answer. Now, the best way, you know, to address on specific research question is, you know, a specific research design. Right? So I mean, I talked about this mix middle design, which again is clearly the most effortful and expensive one but you know, it’s also the most reliable one. But you know, what, I mean, but can be an actually there are a lot of research question that may be much more narrow, right, because I mean clearly, this paper has quite broad and quite huge implications for you know, where we retire with a theory for effective Scrum teams because, you know, it’s actually very broad and you cannot really investigate a very broad research question with very narrow techniques. And so, again, so to answer your question, it depends.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 42:32

Yeah, that’s a very consultant like.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 42:38

Good, maybe one day we should be going to consultancy one day.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 42:44

What about maybe just one more question for Daniel before we move on. Like, how did your community respond? Did you share? I’m assuming you shared this, how did they respond to this paper?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 42:57

To this specific paper? Well, almost in neither way because the paper per se is under review, which means that and this happens with every academic paper, right? Basically, you write your work, then you submit it to a peer review conference and then you know our colleagues of you are basically reviewing making suggestions, questions and so on and so forth. And only after we say yes, okay, it’s great. We publish it, when it’s published, when it’s there, and then basically you’re going to present it and so on so forth. But I’m actually very, very positive about the effect on this specific research also in the academic community.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 43:52

What is the process like? How long does it take for them to review?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 43:56

One year more or less.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 44:00

So we discovered it’s not very agile because it takes a long time, but that’s why we pre-published the paper because we felt it was very valuable already to share. And even if the if the peer review process yields a lot of things we need to change, which is a theoretical possibility somebody could be then that’s also transparent, right? Because so this process is also about seeing what feedback you get and I think it’s good be transparent about that too.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 44:30

Yeah. And I mean, just like I think bringing more attention to this so we can do like we talked earlier more stuff like this, more collaborations like this, I think is gonna help everybody long. When you look at the other categories like team autonomy, continuous improvement, responsiveness, management support, team morale, stickler like, which ones do you think you know, which ones should we talk a little bit more about? Which ones kind of, well, maybe they’re all important But if we had to prioritize here and create a backlog?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 45:09

Well, we already talked about stakeholder concern and about responsiveness so those are very important. Those are basically the core variables in the model, at least for me if I think about it, but we also have three really important hygiene factors that we identify in the model. So the first one is team autonomy. The second one is continuous improvement. And the third one is management support. And what we are basically say is, these three things need to be in place or they have to be done in place at the same time that teams are working on the stakeholder concern and responsiveness in order for them to be effective. And I think particularly interesting, they’re all interesting, but management support is not at all surprising because I think as practitioners, we know really well how important that is, as academics, we know how important that is. But what we actually found in the data is that management support is particularly important for Team autonomy. So that’s where they seem to be able to have the biggest influence at least in the data that we collected, which I think also makes sense, because team autonomy has to do with constraints with boundaries…

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 46:15

Decision making rights.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 46:18

Rights, mandates that teams have to make decisions. And I think that management can really, really be a useful influencer there. So that that’s maybe one to emphasize, the management support. And I think Daniel, you wrote about that as well, of course in other your work right?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 46:33

Yeah, yeah. Yeah. I mean, so for example, we addressed like this model, which, you know, basically, is kind of a similar model, like Chris and myself wrote about successful agile transformations where absolutely mean top management support is a very, very important factor. And, you know, and maybe if I can spend more time with, with top management support, I’m not meaning you know, one specific management style, but it’s much more again related and fitted to the organization, first of all, right? So, if you have actually hierarchy, a very hierarchical organization like for example, the Italian Army, which you know, is the main case study of Agile success model, I mean, in that case, the management support basically mean, you know, I ensure that, you know, the whole structure actually follows the supports. Yeah, I mean, whatever the scrum teams are doing and generally speaking, I mean, Scrum process is put in place. In a more hierarchy or organization, it may be a much more kind of supportive style right? So in saying, okay, so, you well, first of all, it’s perfectly fine to fail, right? So and failure has not to be to blame. It’s about how can we support you software team to, you know, provide the best possible environment to you know, maximize your well-being and productivity.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 48:35

That will be very interesting. What you just made me think of maybe this is also for Christiaan is relationship between cognitive capacity of management and emotional capacity because those are really hard to measure. But there are a lot of studies and like, if we go back to maybe Lalou’s work, Fredrick Lalous on re-mentoring organizations or anything that, it depends what type of management and leadership you have, how big their ego is, how much you know their worldviews whatever you want to call it, but that has a huge impact on how they lead and how they support. So you could have hierarchy, but if the leaders are more focused on helping others from a perspective of their needs and wants, then they can work a little bit easier than that. Where if you have very egocentric person that loves command and control in the same environment, you’ll get different results just because of the mindset of the manager, right. So if you have a lot of managers which we have in organizations and is changing, that are very power hungry, let’s just say or ego driven and that’s something, I agree, like this management support is something that I see, so it’s definitely been something that I’ve observed over the years but it’s also something that you’re bringing up as a… what else from the management support, maybe they’re in real life or because I think this is in many different reasons, including Lalou, who spent 10 years or so and I don’t know the quality of his…

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 50:32

I don’t know either.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 50:34

But it’s interesting that that keeps coming up. Leadership seems to be the ceiling, you know, the level, and I don’t know who was talking yesterday or maybe it was Yoganna Paulo, I spoke to him this week too and I think he was alluding to, like, you know, that the ceiling is the senior leadership in the organization.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 50:59

Oh, Yoganna is a good person to talk to about this too, of course with management 3.0. I think in general, I can’t really speak to personality styles or ego how that influences teams, I can only speculate based on my own experiences there. But what we asked teams in the survey is, to what degree do you feel supported by management? To what degree do you feel that they understand why you work the way you work? And we can actually see that that has a big influence on their effectiveness. So I think it’s not even necessarily about management style or personality, it’s about whether or not that’s the kind of behavior that you’re exposing as a manager or someone in a management position, where you’re asking questions to the teams to ask what they need from you rather than telling them what to do. And there are so much evidence in other research that that’s important for highly autonomous teams doing complex work that it’s surprising in a way that sort of still not happening in many organizations. But that’s what I can say, based on the analysis. Sorry, Daniel, go ahead.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 52:09

No, no, sorry. And you know, and I think that also, what’s also important to mention is that a lot of companies are claiming to do to, to be agile and to do Scrum and you know, effectively, if you are looking more deeply into various processes, I mean, they are very little agile but you know, it’s very fancy to say so and you know, and if you’re not, you’re out of clamps so you are, you know, pretending to be something you’re not. And but I think that, you know, probably also this pandemic will change very fastly a lot of dynamics. So we see that T. Mattoni for example is extremely important for effective Scrum teams. And so, for example, I’m a big fan of self-determination theory, which is the combination of need for autonomy, relatedness and competence. And I’m actually also doing specific research on that specific aspect. And we see that it’s very, very strongly and positively related to job satisfaction, well-being and productivity.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 53:38

Absolutely. Yeah. And stress is much lower in those teams. Burnout, so mental health is also much better in teams that have high degrees of autonomy. But not too much. That sort of like there’s always an optimum, right. So it can also create stress if you have too much autonomy, but you don’t feel you have the skills to actually use that autonomy, correctly. We didn’t research that question but that’s also always good to mention that autonomy requires boundaries but they just need to be much broader than they are.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 54:09

[cross-talking 54:09] And you know, and I also think that the way that we will kind of auto negotiate our degree of autonomy and you know, and I mean, in Scrum teams, but I think that this also relates to possibly every knowledge worker possibly, right and also will define the way we will come out from this pandemic, and you know possibly also try to be a little bit happier and a little bit well off that is from our mental health perspective, yeah. So I’m very, I’m very optimistic. And

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 54:45

I am too. I think it is like the COVID and these crisis have forced us to rethink, have forced out of our comfort zone so it’ll be interesting. It’ll be interesting the impact. It’s Crazy, but it’s been an hour. What are some of the last things may be a message or to the audience that are listening? Anything you would like to say in conclusion?

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 55:14

Should I take the first one Daniel and you do the second one or the other way around? What would you prefer?

Speaker: Daniel Russo 55:21

Go ahead, please, yes.

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 55:23

So I can imagine if you’re listening to this podcast, you may be interested to learn more about the paper now that the paper itself is quite technical because it’s written for an academic audience, it has to be technical because other people have to be able to replicate our work. But we are working on a non-technical version of this, and it will probably be released next week on Monday. Also, for the other paper that Daniel mentioned, that will be in one of the coming weeks. So that’s one thing. And the second thing and that’s the final one for me is if teams are interested to see how they’re actually doing with Scrum, the survey that we created, the measurement instrument that we created, it’s actually available for free, you can try it at scrum teamsurvey.org and you can just use the whole tool for free, if you want to add a couple more teams to track them over time their subscription model because we somewhere need to make some money to generate, to fund all this work and to fund the product itself. But there is a way for teams to actually diagnose how they are doing and that’s also the core message of our paper; diagnose teams on these five factors and then support them in the areas where they’re lacking and make that a conversation between the teams and the rest of the organization. That would be my strong recommendation.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 56:37

Great. And by the way, I’ll include all the links in the description below soon.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 56:45

Yes, so from my side, I am strongly recommending practitioners to look for some evidence, whatever they are using adopting any kind of approach because as we have seen a lot of things might be of common sense and in several cases, common sense, is our friend but you know, it might also be a false friend. And yeah, I mean, I think that we could save a lot of time and resources if we would have a much more critical reflection of whatever you’re doing. And my probably second recommendation and just about Christiaan said, so I also strongly encourage you to use the quantum survey because first of all, it’s an outstanding way to diagnose the way you’re doing your process. So it actually also helps you think very fairly concrete way also suggesting some very concrete recommendation. And also it helps, you know, science to advance. And also, because all the data, by the way, are totally anonymized and then really released in an open access form so that also our academics and other practitioners, if they want clearly can also use this data for their own research. And please let me stress, in a totally optimized way so absolutely no privacy issue and privacy concerns. So yeah.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 58:46

That’s great. And thank you for doing that. I think that’s again, going back to the collaboration by willing to share this and being open to that, it invites collaboration. So thank you guys. I really appreciate what you’re doing. I think it’s great for… you know, it’s great for everybody I think. So thank you. And it was a pleasure speaking with you guys. I hope you like this unstructured just isn’t we’re sitting at the bar or something just chit-chatting and…

Speaker: Daniel Russo 59:22

Well, I’m having my coffee anyway. So yeah, so we are actually in a kind of remote bar.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 59:28

Exactly. Although it’s still early for me to have any alcoholic beverage otherwise….

Speaker: Christiaan Verwijs 59:36

Well, next time. Well, it was a pleasure for us to be here too and to have a place to talk about this work, and to share it with the community. And we definitely have a lot more questions that Daniel and I are pursuing. So hopefully there will be more publications and we’re working on that.

Speaker: Daniel Russo 59:53

And if you have any question, please feel free also to reach out and I’m saying it also very clearly to everyone who is listening. And also from my side thank you so much for having us. It was pretty fun also from my side yeah.

Bob Galen: Coaching, Diversity, Asking for help and feedback | Agile to agility | Miljan Bajic |#37

Bob Galen

Transcript

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 0:48

When I went to your website, I was really impressed with some of your principles, guiding principles and everything that you have about your page. And I was like, I don’t think I’ve seen anything like this for a coach or for consultant in a while. So I do want to say that I do appreciate having done on the left side, but if you could summarize or maybe how would you describe or who is Bob Galen?

Speaker: Bob Galen 1:19

So who is Bob Galen? Thank you for the kind sort of comments Miljan about my website, I try to be transparent, for good or bad. So one aspect of Buskerud is to and this isn’t always in my best interest from a consulting point of view but maybe I’m overly transparent, but I really try to share, I try to be genuine and I try to share my principles. And I won’t write it if I’m not willing to try to walk my talk. So Bob Galen is a farm boy who was born and raised in Amish country in Pennsylvania, was born on a farm. That which led to my work ethic in Lancaster County, which is close to Philadelphia, to west of Philadelphia. I grew up on a farm, working incredibly hard. So there’s a lot of work to do, and went into the army when I was 18, volunteered. I did a stint of duty in the Philippines in Thailand, right after Vietnam, and came back, went to school. So I used the GI Bill to go to school, to go to college. I went to college in Wiso, which is in in Lancaster County. So I stayed close to home and career wise development. So software development background, my first job out of school was at Sperry UNIVAC, which did IBM 360 compatible mainframes, did develop them. And so I was an assembler programmer. If you know what assembler is, I was.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 3:00

I do. Yeah.

Speaker: Bob Galen 3:01

I spent years, it’s not very sexy, but I spent years doing programming. And just became a leader and evolved like a lot of people, went from development to leadership. Leadership really resonated with me, I think I had a knack for it, or an empathy for it or connection for it. A lot of people who get promoted that way don’t. And they struggle with leadership. So I evolved myself into being an effective leader. I discovered agile very early in the late 90s as agile was becoming prevalent. I experimented as a leader with extreme programming and Scrum and Kanban very early on, and then gradually started changing my career to be more of an independent consultant. So my last full-time job as a leader inside leader was around 2012, 13. So I’ve almost have total independence for the last 10 years. Really, I’m a servant leader. The reason I write books, the reason I podcast, the reason I write so much, I always envisioned trying to help the community. I don’t know if I do that or not. So I’m not big headed about it. I have no idea. But my intent, the driving force for me is maybe to give to the community. Sometimes to my detriment, because I only get paid for the giving. So sometimes I give too much out probably but I guess I feel like I lucked out. I hit the lottery in the agile community and in the agile space. And I feel incredibly blessed to be part of knowing you and knowing everyone in the community. And there’s nothing more I can do than to give back as much as I can.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 4:56

Yeah, and I think at least being part of that community, at least I appreciate what you do. And sometimes we don’t necessarily show that appreciation. But a lot of times in my head, I’m saying, kudos to Bob.

Speaker: Bob Galen 5:14

Thank you.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 5:17

Either something that you say, or somebody said, hey, I worked with Bob, and he was really helpful. And this is what he did for me. Like all of these things that go unnoticed, I think are sometimes lost. But I do know many appreciate what you do, and I do appreciate what you do as well.

Speaker: Bob Galen 5:38

Thank you. I learned some time ago that you don’t always hear back. So you know my metaphor? My metaphor is, I’m throwing helpful darts out into the universe. And every once in a while, I’ll get an acknowledgment. And it actually motivates me. So you know this, you don’t always hear back. So you give and every time I hear kind words like that, it really motivates me. So thank you for that.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 6:07

Yeah. I can relate to that feeling because I don’t know maybe just to go a little bit back but to your farm days and to serving in the army. What is it that you learned from your childhood and being in the army that you’re applying today? Because I think a lot of stuff stays with us, lot of stuff also fades away. But in what ways did it shape you growing up in Pennsylvania, and as an 18-year-old boy going and enlisting?

Speaker: Bob Galen 6:44

I think it’s the rock, right. Dwayne Johnson talks about. And here I am quoting the rock on your podcast. He talks about hard work. He outworks people. And that’s not, I grew up. So hard work is how I attack things. I am not the smartest coach in the planet. I was not the smartest student in college. But I tried to outwork everyone. So the work ethic. And I actually think that work ethic I see it, I try to inspire that in Agile teams. I try to personalize it. I try to lead by example with that, if anything I’m trying to bring more balance into the work so I don’t overwork. But I think from growing up in a farm it was that. I think in the military, I think discipline and these sounds a little odd in an agile context, right? Why am I bringing up hard work and discipline? And you would think more balanced but I think that personal discipline. For example, I journal every day, I do a lean coffee, something called the moose herd twice a week, and we were just talking about how to develop as a leader, one of the people who attended was talking about that, and I brought up journaling as a daily activity. And I think the discipline I bring to doing that, or even writing, I don’t know, the reason I started writing it is, my first book I published in2004, I started writing it around 2000. And the reason I started writing is because I sucked at business writing and I mean I was terrible. I read my stuff; I mean I would hand it to a CEO. And I was lucky they didn’t fire me on this for ripping up the English language. And so part of me is always if I have a weakness or something, I wanted to sort of attack it, even if it’s doggedly attack it with discipline and hard work. So I started writing. I still to this day do not think I and I know I’m not. I’m not the best writer but if you look at my origin, I’ve improved so much in 20 years. So I’m proud of how I’ve improved. But that gives you an indication of, I think those principles have really helped me and how I’ve evolved as like baseline principles.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 9:17

Yeah, that’s really helpful. And I can relate to a lot of that, in a sense that I also grew up on a farm. I was in the war, but as a kid being part of a civil war. And when you say discipline and hard work. I think those are part of agile, right? Like in the context of, that we want to be disciplined about what we’re going to do. And I agree, I think discipline is also about commitment, and which is one of the values and I think from hard work. I mean, if you don’t like what you’re doing, you’re not putting in hard work. So it’s resonating with me. Something that’s related to this that you recently wrote about is that people wait too long to ask for help. And that’s something that we see. Could you maybe elaborate on that? We’ll get you thinking about that because it’s pretty, it’s right in front of us. People are waiting, our clients are waiting. But could you.

Speaker: Bob Galen 10:29

Sure. I see it. And I’m sure you’ve seen this as well as a consultant and as a coach. But I can’t tell you how many times someone will pull me in. And you’re assessing a situation or you’re getting to know the situation. And I’m thinking to myself, my goodness, you waited to the last I mean, you have it. It’s like a thermonuclear explosion is going on and if you could have just caught it, if you could have just raised your hand and said, I don’t know, or get some help, it would have made your life so much easier. This is what I’m thinking. I’m not necessarily sharing this with a client. But I’ve seen a pattern. And it’s not just with clients, I’ve seen it with coaches, Miljan, as well, that coaches are out there. I think it’s hard for the people to show vulnerability. And to say, I don’t know and we talked about is it safe? Well, even in our Agile community, there’s safety amongst coaches. I see coaches who are struggling all the time but they’re not asking for help. Maybe self-awareness is part of it, maybe humility, Yooper’s, I don’t know. But I think there’s a general phenomenon in the world, at least in the Agile world, folks wait a little bit longer than they need to. And it would be so much easier on them if they just admitted and looked at it as a strength. It’s not even complaining. But look at saying I don’t know, and asking for help as a strength instead of a weakness. Look at it as a sign of maturity. And not being afraid to do that. And this point of view, right, it costs more depending on when you get engaged, it’s going to cost you a lot more if you get..

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 12:28

And we know this and you know it, right?

Speaker: Bob Galen 12:32

We know it.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 12:35

How much is it? Yeah. But I feel you make me think of just how much is it culturally, because I was actually talking to Kira Harada from Japan. He’s one of the new CSTR’s. And he was saying we’ve been taught to do retrospectives in kindergarten. So on the teams a lot of times we forget what we did, but we’re being taught, it’s part of a culture, the Kaizen is part of culture. And I feel like a lot of times our culture is shaping us and this is like at least United States in the Balkans where I’m from, people ask always for directions. But here, it’s like don’t ask for directions. It’s kind of bad things, like don’t ask for help.

Speaker: Bob Galen 13:24

Absolutely. I think it’s hierarchical to, I need to some degree, I think there’s a general pattern or phenomenon. But I find leaders, as you move up into higher grades, it’s harder and harder. For the very people that I wish they would please just ask for help, it’s in their best interest. And when it’s harder and harder for senior leaders to do that. I spend a lot of time coaching and consulting with senior leaders. And so I think the inspiration for that, and maybe was a bit of frustration in writing that blog post, it’s like, please, it’s going to cost me money, actually, right? But please cost me money. Ask for help earlier for your benefit.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 14:07

Why do you think that is? I mean I see that same pattern. And it goes back to that vulnerability, goes back to the courage and unless the ship is on fire, don’t freak out.

Speaker: Bob Galen 14:22

I actually think even if the ship was on fire, then..

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 14:25

Actually sinking. Yeah.

Speaker: Bob Galen 14:29

It’s sinking. The water is up here. It’s your hope. I think it’s multifaceted. I think safety, psychological safety is a big factor. I think power and influence structures in organizations are a big factor. I think human nature and your self- awareness and your ability to ask for help, your approachability, your vulnerability, I think it’s easy to say I’m vulnerable. It’s much harder to show that vulnerability for folks. And I just think all of those factors come into play as to what’s going on. So I don’t know what the science is behind it, I know that it’s a pattern that I’ve seen. And I wish we would embrace it. I literally like to celebrate when I’ve been a leader. I mean, I’ll high five people Miljan, like to say, I don’t know, my friend, Josh Anderson, and I talked about how leaders can model behavior in context. And we talk about not just saying thank you to someone for showing vulnerability, but jumping out of our chair, flying across the room and high fiving. You don’t know, cool. You’ve failed? Give me five, give me a hug here. Come on, come over. We have a juicy failure that we can sort of learn from. And literally, I think so it’s not even just, it’s sort of asking for help but realizing as leaders, we’re setting the tone. Another part of it is, how we show up is modeling what’s available in our culture in our ecosystem. So I’m not joking, it’s really sort of exaggerating to set the tone to give permission. So I think it’s a bigger thing than just about me or just about the consulting. It’s the culture that we’re modeling as a leader or as someone in a culture as any person in a culture.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 16:47

Yeah, and I guess something that’s related to this is that critical feedback. And it’s so hard, a lot of time I remember I was teaching a class recently, CAL class, and I was saying how I sucked at getting people, I wanted feedback. So I knew the feedback was helpful, but then getting feedback, I was raging inside with the feedback I was getting, so it went back to my emotional intelligence, it went back to like, hey, how do I look at this feedback as information that I need to process and then decide, right, it’s perspective? But why do you think it’s so hard for many to get critical feedback?

Speaker: Bob Galen 17:39

So I don’t know. One reaction that would have to answer the question is, I think it’s easier if you solve it, you see this in radical candor, if you read radical candor, and Kim has blogged on. When she wrote the book initially, it was almost like the floodgates opened up, and everyone was giving radical candor. And she’s like, timeout. It’s also about receiving it. And she said, actually, the first step should be can you receive radical candor before you give it? Really, I have to do that? But I’m really good at giving. So I think there’s that phenomenon of like, if you want to be a good leader, be a good follower, if you want to be sort of a good feedback receiver, or a good giver, be a good receiver and model that behavior. So how do you react if I come to you, Miljan and I say that CAL class suck. I’m just kidding. Right. Or do you get defensive? Do you start looking for data? I call it death by 1000 questions. Right, you start answering a thousand questions. But I’m just trying to get the data, Bob. No, you’re not. You don’t like what you heard so you’re looking for another answer. Because I think sort of the way the system is set up is part of that. I think, again, maybe there’s a common thread here of how we show up, how we receive it, how do we respond to feedback? Then says if we can take it and do something with it, then it makes it easier or I don’t know, if we’ve earned the right to give it and then people receive it as well. So I look at it as a system. It’s an ecosystem. And how are both sides of a feedback loops handling that dynamic? Right, and I don’t think we’re good at that. Right. I think safety again, safety comes as a part of that, psychological safety. Our dynamics are part of that, there’s a lot of factors. But the thing is, I’d say it’s just, she ever heard that feedback is the breakfast of champions and look at it as a gift. I think one of the first shifts I took tried, I talk a lot about giving and receiving feedback in my CAL class. So I don’t know if you do, but I spent, and we actually practice, we do some scenarios to practice giving feedback. That’s another thing. I don’t think folks have the skill and the comfort in how to have, we practice crucial conversations, if you will, in a dojo format, and really practice that I find in a short period of time, people really understand that you need some skill, you need some tools, you need some approaches and strategies in that and it’s not just saying, but it’s also listening, powerful listening and how you’re interacting in the system.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 20:44

And sympathizing, right? So you have to be able to empathize, you have to be able to control your emotions. And somebody might say something that, especially when you’re receiving feedback, but it could also be when you’re giving, because someone tells you to go. So it goes both ways and I think something that you mentioned earlier, it’s self-awareness and it’s a broader concept of self-awareness. But if we’re aware of how we’re providing that critical feedback, and if we’re aware of how that other person is receiving it, and then also how we will receive it. It helps with that. So yeah, another thing that’s tied to this, maybe that we can explore, which I really liked. You’ve wrote about the art of personal experiment. And I think, when I reflect back on anything that I’ve done, I’ve always tried to, and maybe that’s my personality, just dive into it. Even with this podcast, I’m like, I don’t know anything about podcasting, or anything about video editing. But I’m just going to jump into it. It’s something that I want, something that maybe might be intimidating at the beginning. But I’m just going to dive into it. Because in a sense, this is what I feel is. So you talked about having a little bit more structured to personal experiments in your recent blog, could you maybe share with the audience like, their personal experiment and what you shared in that blog?

Speaker: Bob Galen 22:29

I mean, we can talk about it, I think there’s something above that. I don’t even know if I said it in the blog. But there’s a pattern that I’ve seen whereas coaches, I’m going to pick on coaches, I’m going to pick on myself, and I’ll pick on you. I think we are very comfortable telling, but not doing ourselves. So whip is a common thing, right? Where it’s incredibly common for me as a coach to point out excessive whip in other contexts in classes, in coaching and consulting. But then when I look at my own personal whip management, my role modeling, my walking, my talk, I throw it out the window, right? And then experimentation is the same thing, right? We talked about lean agile, lean coffees, discovery, product evolution, innovation, the art of experimentation, we’ll say that 1000 times, but then when I look at myself, it’s like, am I challenging myself to experiment? Which you said, what is an experiment? It’s something that’s ambiguous. It’s something that’s unknown. I don’t know if I can do it. It’s taking a risk. When you did this podcast, it’s walking our talk, So I’m really bullish lately, self-care is something that I’m equally bullish about. We all talk a good game, self-servant leadership, right? Self-care then when you look at there’s these exhausted coaches who were scheduling 22 scrum master class, certification classes in a month. I’m kidding you, right?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 24:06

No, you’re right. I know you’re joking but you’re also right. And I’ve been down that road to and then pull back in a sense of like you said, it’s..

Speaker: Bob Galen 24:21

It’s are we walking our talk? So that’s what I was trying to get at with the art of experiment. And its sort of have we gotten a little bit lazy in some area. And it’s not just walking our talk, but it’s the epiphanies we can have, like self-care for me, if I invest in self-care, what I’ve found is I’m a better coach. Right? If I’m not exhausted, I have better observation. I have better questions. I have better sort of suggestions. I can show up and not take a nap in the middle of the day. So I’m showing up there. Experimentation, I try new things. Now, I think I’m like you. I’m a natural experimenter, one of the things I don’t do on the farm, it goes back to the farm. So I was very curious as a child, Miljan. So one of the experiments I ran as a child was a tractor, what would be the angle of a tractor before it was tipped over? My father didn’t really appreciate this experiment. But we had some very hilly land. And I’m like, if I drive it, and at what point does it start getting unstable? And why didn’t want it to flop over, but I wanted to get it to that tipping point literally, right? And it tipped over and it almost killed me. Or I was on the farm, we had a dairy farm and we had compressors everywhere. And if you’ve ever seen air compressors and things, and it had a motor and two police with a belt that was moving back and forth, and I remember I was like six years old, seven years old. And I’m like, I wonder if my hand can stop that? And the answer is Miljan, guess what? No. And my brother is pulling me out of the air compressor. Or electric fences, we had a lot of electric fences. Yes. How does it react in the rain? I found out.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 26:21

So maybe a little more safely designed experiments.

Speaker: Bob Galen 24:27

Exactly. But the learning that goes on with the experiments, the failures, I think there’s a lot of interrelatedness of what we’re talking about, right? It’s the discovery, what may be successful, what may be a failure. What’s the learning? How do I discover the learning and that? So that’s what I was talking about. Now, I have a natural tendency to be curious, the writing, I mean, the podcasts, if you look at the things that I’ve done, I’ll do things that in the beginning are very uncomfortable for me, they’re out of my comfort zone, is another part of it. So driving myself from comfort zone to out of comfort zone, I think it makes me better.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 27:14

Yeah, this made me think of like I was going through and I think I even listened to a couple of podcasts, from a while ago. And something that’s tied back to this, which you’re also very vocal about is diversity and equality. And I think we all tend to talk about diversity and equality, but it goes back to the experiment. What are you doing about it? And I think you did in one of the articles or you said how your daughter challenged you to think about the veracity quality, and what you really don’t about it. Bob and Miljan could say, yeah, I support Black Lives Matter, I support, what’s the right way to say it? I disapprove Asian pay, whatever it is, right? But what am I doing about it? How am I helping and creating awareness, and I think you’re talking about using your platform to do something about it, rather than so, is that also what we can experiment?

Speaker: Bob Galen 28:17

We’re doing it. Josh and I are doing it, we don’t know. But we’re leaning into action. The story I told is, my daughter and I were teaching CAL class, I co teach, I co taught CAL classes with my daughter, and with other people, I like to pair nowadays. So that’s another experiment that I try. I try incredibly hard to pair with people and pair with diversity, folks from diverse backgrounds. But we were teaching and I was whining in the class. First day, we got there early, where we said, this was an in-person class, and I was whining about the lack of diversity in the class. And she’s like, well, what did you do? And I’m like, I sent an email. I marketed it. And she’s like, what else did you do? I’m like, I sent another email. I said, I sent a follow up email. And she’s like, okay, what else did you do? And I’m like, well, that was it. And then it’s really hard, Miljan when your kids get on your case. So initially the feedback, I did not handle this feedback very well. And I got very defensive.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 29:21

You started asking questions.

Speaker: Bob Galen 29:23

No, and she was like, Dad, so the same old actions that you’ve taken will not get you. So if you’re talking about diversity, those same actions will not get you what to do, talking won’t do it. And she just ripped off, you’ll have to reach out to people individually. You may have to give discounts. You may have to work through impediments. You may have to ask someone to ask someone to ask someone. You have to work differently if you want diverse audience, if you want diverse attendees, and I didn’t need to leave you with her, I was like, I disagree. Right? It’s like I’ve done everything I could. And then a few days later, I was moaning on it. And I understood, it’s the support. And that was the trigger for me from realizing I was fully in support of Black Lives Matter, Stop Asian Hate and all of that. I was talking about it but I wasn’t doing enough about it. And then Josh and I, and I’m trying my best to become a doer, to take action and to inspire others to use our platform, to hopefully inspire others to take action. And it doesn’t have to be big action, just what to do. There’s a young lady in Dallas, a new goal pal, she’s the coach in the Dallas area, and I missed…

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 30:50

I know, I’m actually interviewing her this Friday.

Speaker: Bob Galen 30:56

Okay. She has helped me make inroads into [inaudible 31:02]. So I’ve given a special discount and she’s recommended my CAL class. So a newest probably connected me to 30 or 40 individuals as part of my Black Lives Matter diversity and inclusion efforts on that site. And so establishing that kind of connection, and she’s really helped me reach into and that’s the kind of action I think we have to take.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 31:26

Well, that’s in like, I give crap a little bit to Scrum Alliance for that too. And I’m going to ask and know how she feels about it. But a lot of times, it’s easier to just to say I support it but to go extra step like you’re saying and actually is harder, but that’s what’s going to make impact and it’s going to be easier if we all do a little bit of that rather than just, and if you look at our community, look at the diversity, and I’m specifically talking about Agile community. Scrum Alliance too but I don’t think Scrum Alliance is much different than any other Agile community. There is not a lot of diversity there, there’s mostly middle-aged men now that are getting maybe to your age.

Speaker: Bob Galen 32:23

That’s true. I try to shine a light on this stuff sometimes too. I’ve written some things that may be slightly embarrassing to the Scrum Alliance and other organizations. So I counted, I had some free time one Saturday Miljan, and I went into the Scrum Alliance site and I counted, I looked at CTCs and CC’s. And I counted, I looked at diversity facts, men versus women. And I think I found in the general population, there was like 17%, or 20% coaches were women. And that disappointed me immensely or whatever the number is, I could go back to the blog post, and I can send you a link to it.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 33:04

I think I read it.

Speaker: Bob Galen 33:05

And I copied folks on it. And I’m not trying to blame. I’m just trying to shine a light in our community. That’s not good enough from my point. That’s just simply not good enough. We can do better than that.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 33:20

Well, exactly. To give you an example to like when I started the blog post, sorry not blog post, the podcast, it rose out of like, who would I like to have a beer with? So that was assumption and it was mostly the people that I was thinking is guys, like, who would I want to sit down, either I have, I haven’t and then as I started doing, I realize, look at my first 20 interviews, right? It was pretty much like guys, right? And I’m like, well, this is interesting because how much, first of all, a lot of these people were part of the Agile community, they were the experts. So there’s not much diversity to pick from. And I just don’t want to always force it and say, I need to get this person or this person because they’ll add to my diversity, I still want to keep the bar high, in a sense of who I want to bring on the podcast, but do extra homework and discover people that I do want to talk to, that will add diversity to this. So it makes my job a little bit harder, and forces me to do more homework, but I think it’s adding richness to the podcast and what people have to say.

Speaker: Bob Galen 34:41

I’d say, I mean I can’t project onto you, Miljan, but I think we have a responsibility to use our platforms or to the degree that we can. The discipline that I have with the Agile and Scrum Alliance directly, Agile Alliance, a little bit less but still is there’s these wonderful platforms, it’s like, what are you doing it? You have this wonderful community. And I know they’re doing some things, but there’s so much more that they could do. And to your point, if we could inspire every individual to do what they can, you’re doing something. Anthony Messina was a coach in Chicago and he’s done some podcasts where he spotlights folks, he gives diverse voices, a unique opportunity to either present or to do something, people who haven’t had a voice, who haven’t had a stage. And I just admire what he’s doing there. Not a lot. He’s maybe had five or six or seven folks on. He asked me, he reached out to me and he asked me for a list of up and comers, diversity inclusion, do you have any up-and-coming voices that I can invite, and I send him a list and he invited a few folks on and just sort of keeping the ball rolling. And then some of those folks I know then submitted to conferences or writing and their role models, when they’re at a conference, their role model for other people. So it unfolds, it creates momentum.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 36:13

Well, that too. And something else that you just said, that remind me is, when I came to United States, I didn’t know English, the culture was, I was 13 years old. And as I went through pretty much seventh grade, eighth grade, when I went to high school, there are certain things that first of all from, I felt racism, I felt excluded, because I didn’t speak English or so like I felt probably too minimal to what some people experienced. But it was an experience that I can relate. The other thing is they think we don’t a lot of times know which I know now is, there are people outside of the Agile or mainstream, that would add so much value to the broader community, it’s just that they’re never exposed to it. Like there are some people that just, so we can take an extra step to pull those people in and get them involved in Agile, get them involved in whatever you’re doing in order to give them a chance to learn about this stuff. Because there are certain people and maybe this goes back to privileges or whatever it is, they’re naturally exposed to certain things. And some people that are almost not prohibited, but it’s not easy for them to say, hey, I could be a great scrum master. If I knew what’s great Scrum Master is or how I get to that on that path on that journey.

Speaker: Bob Galen 37:54

I agree. One of the areas that I have a strong affinity and I’ve shared it with the Scrum Alliance back, I think Manny was the CEO or something. So this is a few years ago. But veterans, so there are because I was in the army. I have a strong affinity and respect and support for folks who defend our country. It’s just me. And I don’t think the government does enough when those folks are back.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 38:18

You’re breaking up. I don’t know if it’s on my end. Do you see it?

Speaker: Bob Galen 38:21

Yeah, I can hear you. Can you hear me? Okay? How am I doing now?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 38:25

I can hear you.

Speaker: Bob Galen 38:28

Can you hear me now?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 38:29

Can you hear me, okay?

Speaker: Bob Galen 38:30

I can hear you. Yeah. How am I doing now? How am I doing now?

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 38:42

Okay, now it’s good. I think it may have been mine.

Speaker: Bob Galen 38:46

But veterans. And so that’s a community of helping other veterans who are coming back and leaving service. And what can we do to help them if they want to map from military service to scrum, to Agile, and again, I think there’s an advocacy aspect. I don’t think the scrum way. It sounds like I’m picking on them, I’m not. But I think the Scrum Alliance could do so much more there. I think the Agile Alliance could do so much more there of being advocates to broaden, I sound like a politician to broaden our Ted, I agree with you.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 39:28

Yeah, it’s something done. I guess, just thinking more about and thinking in the sense of what could I do to not just talking, verbally support but more support of my actions. Absolutely. I want to come back to another thing that you wrote, which I also found interesting. A metaphor that you use for coaching expanses of mirrors and windows and I think a lot of times as coaches, Scrum Masters we struggle with, when to tell people what to do, or maybe give them some insights and when to get them to figure things out. So really coaching versus consulting or mentoring. I think you mentioned that you guys were doing one of your most herds, or one of the Lean Coffee type of things. And could you share what happened there and how you came up with that metaphor?

Speaker: Bob Galen 40:41

To be honest, I forget the metaphor. I think the message, I think I forget the driver. I think the message though is, there’s a lot of singular stance focus. And I don’t know what you see in the coaching community, but what I see through my lens and my network, is that somewhere along the line over the years, we’ve really sort of we’ve promoted the coaching stance to be the predominant stance. In the coaching stances as you know, is a non-prescriptive, holding the client as all knowing, all seeing, powerful questions. And there’s nothing wrong with the coaching stance. It’s an incredibly valid stance. But a lot of Agile coaches, and I think the certifications actually emphasize coaching stances over other stances, and I keep trying, I’m on a soapbox, trying to say it’s not the only stance. And if there are some situations, Miljan, I don’t know about you. But the leaders that I typically am coaching, if I took 100% coaching stance into them, they’ll kick me out the window and I’m not exaggerating.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 42:06

No. It actually happened to me, where I was coaching a team, it was a government agency actually. And a manager comes to me and says, Miljan, you’re not helping out, the team is complaining, they’re saying, you’re just asking questions and not telling them what to do. And they really don’t see the value and they don’t think they need to help.

Speaker: Bob Galen 42:32

It’s exactly. So what I’m really trying to do, I have a platform and sometimes, remember I said I was trying to help the community, sometimes helping the community is being that thorn in the side that keeps saying something, or maybe raising something up that no one wants to talk about. So I’m trying to maybe make the case that I’m not anti-coaching stance, I’m pro balanced stances.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 43:03

Well, exactly. And I think it’s almost like, in that instance, they were absolutely right. They didn’t want to be coached. And I think one of the issues that we have as coaches is, we’re not clear about coaching agreements, and what does it mean to be an Agile coach, right? If they really are looking for the answers, they’re hiring me to do that. So meet them where they are. So typically, in that situation now, I would say, okay, I might mentor them there, I might teach them say, hey, Bob, can you come over here or even ask for the permission. Do you mind if I share something on a whiteboard and start teaching them? And then through that process, I might start asking the question and more of the coaching. So it’s balancing that, like you said, it’s more..

Speaker: Bob Galen 43:49

Exactly. I’m working on a coaching book now. I’m writing a coaching book and I have the first draft, I just got editor feedback, which now I’m sort of slogging through all of this wonderful feedback. But I talk about the coaching arc. So one metaphor, in it is having a coaching arc. And I talked about in the situations that we’ve written about, it’s switching stances. So how do you enter the ark? How do you navigate some things? How do you land the ark? Situational awareness, sensing, if you’re familiar with [inaudible 44:30] sort of sense and respond, I think that notion of sensing and responding as a coach to the client, I think that’s our responsibility.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 44:39

It is and this is a topic that I would love to talk to you more about but that is actually sensing and [inaudible 44:47] is just one of the sense making tools, right? So when I go into like, I’m also sensing what Bob’s values are, if I’m coaching you one on one. I need to understand your perspectives, your worldview so I understand what’s motivating you, what do you believe is true, and then I can adjust my approach to that.

Speaker: Bob Galen 45:08

Absolutely. Now, that being said, I don’t know if there are a lot of coaches in the world that can do that, Miljan. I think that’s a challenge. That would be extraordinary coaching, there’s a lot more staying in this stance, it’s easier to stay in a singular stance, than it is to have all of this nuanced awareness that you and I are talking about.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 45:33

Well, I think I call it the next wave of coaching. I’m actually talking to Michael Spade, who you probably know, and who’s contributed a lot to this agile coaching space along with Lisa and others. But I think the next five years will be about what you’re describing, and probably your book is going to be a one of the resources that we can use to help people truly understand what we’re talking about here. And I think it’s bringing psychology, it’s bringing more of systems, thinking and I’m using other frameworks that will help us be better coaches, better agile coaches, I guess, which is a broader umbrella than just professional coaches.

Speaker: Bob Galen 46:23

Absolutely. I think the other thing is even in the book, so I’ve anchored the book, there’s something called the Agile coaching Growth Wheel, which is a model that was developed out of some work in the UK, some Scrum Alliance retreats, coaching retreats created. And I liked the model, it’s a little bit more nuanced than the X Wing model. But in the book, I have a chapter on, what are some missing stances? And I talked about leadership being potentially a missing stance. Literally are we a leader and do we need to step into leadership at times? As scary as that might sound or championing stance where we’re literally, we’re sort of championing our team, rallying cry, providing momentum, providing positive energy. That might be a stance, a minor stance, but a stance that we need to adopt occasionally. So I’m interested in sort of stance variations, I’m not trying to create 1000 stances. But I think as coaches, it’s not just four things, you train, you mentor, you facilitate, you coach and you buy everyone doughnuts.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 47:42

Or sushi.

Speaker: Bob Galen 49:43

Or sushi. Alright. There’s nuance to it, a change agency or being a change artist is something that I think very often you and I, we’re the embodiment of change, we’re navigating, we’re in a river of change, and we’re trying to navigate that ourselves. So having some change models, and being aware of some change artistry techniques might be useful. It’s not just coaching stance, I think of agile coaching as being incredibly rich, incredibly deep, incredibly broad. Not scary. And something that I can keep learning for my lifetime. It’s a really rich landscape.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 48:30

Yeah, I’ve written a little bit about this, but I use the analogy of cooks and chefs. And if you look at culinary discipline, right? It’s so broad and it can be so creative, and encompasses so many other disciplines outside of just culinary. And I think agile coaches are on that spectrum from cooks to chefs, and we need all of those. But if you really want to be a good Agile coach, you’re like a really good chef, maybe James Beard type of Chef, maybe not, but you understand a lot of different things and you can put together good dishes from what you have.

Speaker: Bob Galen 49:14

I love that metaphor. I love that. And it takes what passion and perseverance, there’s a lot of learning in that. Right? Those chefs know how to grow, they can go out and talk to farmers, they can get locally sourced. I mean, they’re very adept.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 49:32

They grow other people, right? In the sense like, they’ll take somebody as an apprentice and help them develop into their own unique style, they’re not going to say you have to, so I see a lot of his resemblance and metaphors, as they can only go so far too, but those are some of the things that at least in my head are going through. Maybe as we’re wrapping up here and I can’t believe it’s already been an hour, but what would be your message? You’re doing a lot of work at least you’ve been doing CAL classes for I don’t know, since I think 2017. You were one of the first ones to start teaching those. What would be your message to aspiring leaders, Scrum Masters, agile coaches? What are some of the key messages from your class that you share whether you think would be helpful to share here?

Speaker: Bob Galen 50:30

I think we sort of touched on them is, ask for help. I think it’s still walk your talk, show vulnerability. Go to a CAL class, reach out to me, I do freebies or so, learned, leadership is a craft. Acknowledge that you know things and then you don’t. You and I are just talking about it from a coaching perspective, find a mentor, find a coach, go to some classes, look at yourself as continuously learning. Make sure that you’re passionate about what you do. It’s not just about getting funds, I do what I do, yes, I drive revenue. Yes, I get paid. I do what I do, because I love what I do. I’ll never retire because I love what I do. This is the best thing since sliced bread for me. But find that baseline things. If it’s not like that for you, then maybe be fine where your passion is. One thing if you’re coaching leaders, empathy, we didn’t talk about it much but connect, walk in people’s shoes before you coach them, I wish for coaches, I wish all coaches would walk in the shoes of their clients before they open their mouth. And I know that sounds odd. But do that and do it in both directions. So mentor someone and be mentored, coach someone and be coached, right? I think that balance of continuous learning would, whether you’re a leader, a coach, a scrum master will really help you. So sort of what I’m circling is the topics we’ve talked about, really embody. Find what you love, embody it, discover that, right? How do you believe to say I know very little of this and then every day, learn something, every day reach out to someone, every day help someone and be helped? And become what was our metaphor, the chef, that James Beard Master Chef, that doesn’t know everything, it’s not expert in every school, culinary school, it has grassroots. So lots of tools, is continuously learning and trying things, even the experimentation that we talked about Miljan, dovetails into that metaphor, experimenting with new dishes, right? Experiment.

Speaker: Miljan Bajic 53:11

And not being afraid.

Speaker: Bob Galen 53:15

So I don’t know, I think along this talk, there’ some things that I think would be useful for folks as guiding principles.